Munhu ane nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza mvura kuti iwane, kudiridza, indasitiri nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. Iyo seti yemvura yese yatakachengeta inozivikanwa se hydraulic chengetedza. Iyi hydraulic reserve inonyanya kupatsanurwa pakati pemvura yepamusoro uye yepasi pemvura. Pamusoro pemvura inochengeterwa mumatura nemumachakwi uye nzvimbo dzepasi pemvura dzakachengetwa mumatsime nematsime.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuudza kuti hydraulic reserve chii uye kukosha kwayo.
Chii chinonzi hydraulic reserve
Tikaongorora kutenderera kwemvura tinoona kuti pane kuyerera nekubuda kwayo. Chiyero chakazara chinofanira kunge chiri chakanaka uye isu tinoda kuchengeta yakawanda mvura. Kune rimwe divi, isu tine masosi ekupinda kwemvura kuburikidza nekunaya kungave mvura kana chando. Kune rimwe divi, isu tine izvo zvinoburitsa sosi izvo zviri kubuda kwemvura uye kushandiswa kwemvura. Kune zviitiko zvakawanda zvevanhu zvinoda huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura. Naizvozvo, isu tinofanirwa kuchengetedza yakawanda mvura sezvinobvira zvese pamusoro pemvura uye mumvura yepasi.
Iyo seti yemvura yese inochengetwa nevanhu inozivikanwa seye hydraulic reserve. Iyi hydraulic reserve inoenderana nemvura inonaya uye kugona kwenzvimbo imwe neimwe.Mamwe madhibhi madiki, nyanza nenzizi uye anoshandiswa mukushandisa kwakasiyana. Imwe yemashandisirwo inoda mvura zhinji ndeyekurima. Mvura yakakura kubva munzizi, midziyo nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemvura inoshandiswa kudiridzira zvirimwa.
Isuwo tine mhando yekuchengetedza mvura yepasi pevhu. Inoenderana neyakadzika. Aya ndiwo maburi epasi pevhu panochengeterwa mvura yakawanda pakati pematombo. Iyi mvura inogona kutorwa kubva mukugadzirwa kwematsime uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekuburitsa mvura. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwegeomorphology iripo munzvimbo yega yega, zvinogona kunge iri iyo hydraulic reserve yakavakirwa kunyanya pamusoro pemvura yepamusoro kana pasi pevhu. Zvinoenderana nekuti mvura yanaya sei uye mamiriro ekunze atiri.
Kuedza kuchengeta mvura mumamiriro ekunze akasviba hakuna kufanana neiri rainier. Mvura manejimendi inofanirwa kuitwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze. Kutarisira kwemvura hakuna kufanana kumaodzanyemba kweSpain sekuchamhembe. Maodzanyemba eSpain anonyanya kuoma uye ane akasiyana mamiriro ekunze. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere kudzora mashandisiro anoita mvura.
Pamusoro hydraulic chengeterwa
Nhova
Iyo yepamusoro hydraulic reserve yeSpain yakakamurwa zvese mumidziyo uye mumatope. Izwi iri rinowanzo kanganiswa sezvo ese ari maviri achireva pamusoro pemvura yekuchengetedza. Dutu ndiyo nyika yese inoonekwa seyakafukidzwa nemvura uye nemiti uye zvinomera zvemumvura. Munenge chero chikamu chenyika, kunze kweAntarctica, kune matope. Iwo anowanzo kuve ari munzvimbo dzakaderera kana padyo nenzizi kana makungwa. Ndidzo sosi huru inokupa iwe mvura.
Pakati peakakosha maitiro emachakwi tinoona kuti akafukidzwa nemasango. Ivo vanowanzo zadzwa nemvura inomira uye kudzika kwemvura hakuna kudzika. Dzimwe nzungu dzinogona kunge dziri nyowani, brackish, kana mvura yemunyu. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa pane ivhu kwavanogara uye anozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuve neine ivhu remaminerari ine yakashata drainage. Drainage kugona kwevhu kutora mvura. Ivhu rakanyoroveswa rinofarira kuchengetedza kwemvura inoyerera pamusoro.
Musiyano uripo kunyanya kumatura ndewekuti zvakagadzirwa zvekuita sedhamu rekugona kuchengeta mvura sosi yemvura. Dutu harisi gungwa kana nzvimbo yepanyika zvachose, nepo mudziyo uri mamiriro ezvinhu. Kudzika kwemidziyo kwakanyanya kwazvo, zvakare zvichienderana nekwaniso yeiyo yakafanana. Izvo zvinomera zviripo mumidziyo zvakaderera uye mhando yemvura inoita kuti zvive nyore kunwa.
Mvura yemachakwi ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemaminerari uye huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakasikwa. Izvi zvakasikwa zvinhu zvinoparara uye zvinoora uye zvinobatsira kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu. Iwo madutu anosanganiswa nenzizi anoenderana nekusiyana kwemwero wawo wemvura. Izvi, zvakare, zvinoenderana nemvura yegore negore inonaya munzvimbo iyi.
Matangi
Reservoir idura remvura iro rinoverengerwa seye hydraulic reserve yenzvimbo. Iyo yakavakwa zvekunyepedzera uye yakajairika ndeyekuti inovhara muromo wemupata nepadama kana dhike. Pano ndipo panochengeterwa mvura yerwizi, rwizi kana akati wandei. Kutenda nekuchengetwa kwemvura uku, zvinokwanisika kuendesa madhorobha ari padyo, kugadzira magetsi kana kudiridza ivhu. Dhamu rine chinangwa chakasiyana-siyana ndere rakaitirwa zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, inogona kushandiswa kuredza mitambo, zviitiko zvekuvaraidza uye kugadzira magetsi, kunze kwekupa uye kudiridza.
Kana isu tichitaura nezve kurongedza zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti pane mamwe maitiro ehunhu. Yekutanga kuyerera kwese. Kuyerera kunofanirwa kuve kwakasimba uye kune yakakwira mairi kwazvinogona kushandiswa. Iyo zvakare ine padiki padanho, inova ndiyo iyo mvura inogona kuramba ichishandiswa. Mumadziva mune kuenderera kwekutonga kuti uzive mamiriro eiyo hydraulic dura renzvimbo.
Kana mvura yanaya ikonzera kuti mwero wemvura yakachengetwa usvike padanho repamusoro rinotenderwa mudziva, zvichave zvakafanira kuvhura mamwe magedhi ekubuda edhamu kuti mvura ifambe nemurwizi rwechisikigo. Izvi zvinoitirwa kudzivirira kuputika kwedamu uye nezvinetso zvemafashama zvinogona kuitika. Pane rimwe divi, Kana iyo hydraulic reserve yenzvimbo yakadzikira kwazvo, ichave mvumo yemarongero akasiyana ekusanaya kwemvura. Aya marongero anotarisana nematurusi akasiyana ekugona kubata nemamiriro ekushomeka kwemvura. Ndipo panoshevedzwa kusanaya kwemvura.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve hydraulic chengetedzo uye kukosha kwayo.