Zvisikwa zvinoda hutongi hwedziviriro hwakachengetedzwa nemutemo kuitira kuchengetedza maruva nemhuka. Nzvimbo dzechisikigo dzakachengetedzwa dziripo kune izvi. Muchiitiko ichi, ngationei chii chinonzi national park. Iri ndiro chikamu chekudzivirira chepamusoro chinorambidza zvimwe zviitiko zvevanhu munzvimbo yese yakatenderedza.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza kuti National park chii, maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwayo.
Chii chinonzi national park
Kutaura zvazviri, inzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzinonakidzwa nenzvimbo yepamutemo uye yekutonga yakatemwa maererano nemitemo yenyika mavari. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya inoda kuchengetedzwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemaruva ayo akapfuma nemhuka uye zvimwe zveayo akakosha maitiro, dzinowanzova nzvimbo huru dzakavhurika dzinoganhurira kufamba kwevanhu. Nekuti chinangwa ndechekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza nekudzivirira kuparara kweecosystems inogara munzvimbo idzi, uye hunhu hunovapa kuzivikanwa. Kuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvinakirwe nenzvimbo idzi.
Mabasa epaki yenyika
Pfungwa dzinotevera dzinoratidza kukosha kwemabasa ane mapaki enyika, ndosaka hurumende akatora zvisarudzo zvepamutemo kuti avadzivirire.
- Chengetedza biodiversity uye ecosystems
- Chengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara dziri munjodzi
- Guarantee tsika dzakasiyana
- Chengetedza maruva nemhuka zviri mungozi
- Chengetedza nzvimbo yakasarudzika yakasikwa
- Chengetedza mamiriro ekutsvaga akakodzera
- Kuchengetedza uye kuchengetedza paleontological nzvimbo
- Kudzivirirwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemapako reserves
- Dzivisa kutengeswa kwemarudzi kusiri pamutemo
- Dzivisa kuwandisa
Kukosha kweNational Parks
Kukosha kwepaki yenyika kunogona kubva pakuchengetedzwa nekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzayo dzekugara uye ecosystem kana maitiro akakosha emaruva ayo nemhuka. Ivo vanoita mupiro mukuru kune yebhayoloji chiyero, sezvo ivo vachivavarira kuchengetedza mhando dzemaruva nemhuka dzakajairwa kana dzakasiyana munzvimbo idzi. Asi pane chimwe chinhu chakakosha mune zveupfumi, kunyange chenyika, chatichaona munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
- Kuunza mari Zuva rega rega vanounza mari yakawanda kunyika kune pfungwa dzakaita seecotourism uye zviitiko zvekushanya, nzvimbo dzekumisasa, kukwira makomo nezvimwe.
- Gadzira zviwanikwa zvinogoneka: Mapaki akawanda enyika ane mukana mukuru wezviwanikwa zvinogonekazve, kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwemvura nehuni, uye kugadzirwa kwadzo kunodzorwa.
- Kuchengetedza zviwanikwa: Idzi mhando dzenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa dzinoita kuti mamiriro ekunze aite kugadzikana kune chikamu chikuru chevagari vepasi, zvichibatsira kudzikamisa mamiriro ekunze, ivhu uye zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga.
Sezvataona, kukosha kwemapaki echisikigo akachengetedzwa kwakakosha uye kwakakosha pakurarama kwerudzi nenyika yese, pamwe nepasi redu.
Kunyange zvazvo sangano repasi rose rakaedza zvikuru kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakasikwa, rinotarisana netyisidziro huru. Nhamba huru yemhuka dzesango dziri munjodzi, uye kunofungidzirwa kuti 50 muzana yakatsakatika mumakore 40 apfuura, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutengesa zvisiri pamutemo uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya.
Hunhu hweNational Parks
Paki yenyika inofanirwa kunge iine humwe hunhu hunofanirwa kutorwa sepaki yenyika, inofanirwa kuve nehupamhi hwepamusoro, hunhu hwakakosha uye humwe humwe maruva nemhuka. Inofanira kugamuchira kutariswa kwekutanga uye kutarisirwa kwakakosha kubva kuhurumende.
Kunzi ipaki yenyika kana kuti chengetedzo yenyika, inofanira kunge iine mumiriri wechisikigo system. Nzvimbo huru inobvumira kushanduka kwechisikigo kwemaitiro ezvipenyu uye kupindira kwevanhu kushoma mukukosha kwayo kwechisikigo, nokudaro kukosha kwekuziva kuti paki yenyika chii kuitira kuti vavape tarisiro yakakodzera.
Idzo dzave dzadzokororwa dziri tsigiro yokupedzisira yezvipenyu zviri mungozi yokutsakatika. Iwo akapfuma mumaruva nemhuka uye zvakare ane akasiyana geological maumbirwo. Kunofanira kubvumira kuenzana kwomusikirwo kwoupenyu sezvahwaivako pakutanga panyika yedu. Chinangwa cheakawanda emapaki aya kuchengetedza mhuka dzesango uye kugadzira zvinokwezva vashanyi, uye ecotourism yakazvarwa pasi peiyi pfungwa.
Zvinodiwa zvechikamu
Kuti nzvimbo kana dunhu ritariswe mukati mepaki yenyika, inofanirwa kunge iine zvimwe zvezvinotevera, zvinofanirwa kujekeswa sezvo zvichisiyana zvichienderana nemitemo kana zvisungo zvedzimwe nyika:
- Mumiriri Inomiririra hurongwa hwechisikigo kwairi.
- Kuwedzera: Ive nenzvimbo yakakwana yekubvumidza kushanduka kwayo kwechisikigo, kuchengetedza hunhu hwayo uye nekuona kushanda kwezvinoitwa ecological process.
- Mamiriro ekuchengetedza: Mamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo uye mabasa eecology ndiwo akanyanya kutungamira. Kupindira kwevanhu muhunhu hwayo kunofanirwa kuve kushoma.
- Territorial kuenderera mberi: Nezvisizvo zvinogoneka, dunhu rinofanirwa kutenderedza, risina maenclaves uye risina kupatsanuka zvinokanganisa kugarisana kwe ecosystem.
- Kugara kwevanhu: Nzvimbo dzemumaguta dzinogarwa hadzibatanidzwe, kunze kwechikonzero.
- Dziviriro yepamutemo: inofanira kuchengetedzwa nemitemo nemutemo wenyika yako
- Unyanzvi kugona: Iva nevashandi uye bhajeti yekuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza, uye bvumidza chete kutsvagisa, dzidzo kana runako zviitiko zvekutenda.
- Kunze kudzivirira: Yakapoteredzwa nenharaunda inogona kuziviswa Kunze Reserve.
Mapaki emunyika anowanzo chengetedzwa nevarindi vepaka kudzivirira zviito zvisiri pamutemo zvakaita sekushandiswa kwemarudzi kana kutengeswa zvisiri pamutemo. Mamwe mapaki emunyika anogona kunge ari nzvimbo dzakakura dzevhu, asi kune zvakare nzvimbo dzakakura dzemvura, mungave munyanza kana pasi rinowira mukati memapaki enyika. Kune mienzaniso yakawanda yakadaro munyika.
nhoroondo yepaki yenyika
Kunyange zvazvo isiri pfungwa sezvatinoziva nhasi, kune zvinyorwa zvechinyakare chekare chekuchengetedzwa kwezvisikwa muAsia, chinoratidzirwa neSinharaja Forest muSri Lanka, iyo yakaziviswa zviri pamutemo seUNESCO World Heritage Site pamberi pa1988.
Yakanga isiri kusvika 1871, nekusikwa kweYellowstone National Park muWyoming, iyo yekutanga paki yenyika yakazvarwa zviri pamutemo. Somuenzaniso, Yosemite Park yakasikwa muna 1890, munyika imwe chete seUnited States.
MuEurope, pfungwa yemapaki enyika haina kutanga kushandiswa kutozosvikira muna 1909, apo Sweden yakadzika mutemo unobvumira kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo pfumbamwe huru dzomusikirwo. Spain yaizotsigira kugadzwa kwemapaki enyika uye muna 1918 yakagadzira paki yayo yekutanga, European Mountains National Park.
Parizvino munhu wese akajeka nezve mapaki emunyika uye kuti mabasa avo ndeapi, kune mapaki emunyika, ayo muLatin America anotora chikamu chechina chenzvimbo, seMaya Biosphere Reserve muGuatemala, kunyangwe Pegaso muArgentina Rito Moreno Glacier National. Park.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iyo paki yenyika, maitiro ayo uye kukosha kwayo.