Tiri kunzwa nezvazvo ecotourism kana ecological tourism zvakanyanya uye kazhinji kazhinji sezvo iri imwe yeinokurumidza kukurumidza chikamu chese indasitiri yekufambisa mumakore achangopfuura. Nekudaro, izvi hazvireve kuti munhu wese anoziva kutsanangura chii, nekuti muzviitiko zvakawanda pfungwa ye ecotourism inovhiringika nekushanya kune imwe neimwe hukama nenharaunda yayo, asi haitsanangure rudzi rwehukama hunoitwa nemushanyi. unoshanyira.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza kuti ecotourism chii, kuti inoshanda sei uye kukosha kwayo.
Chii chinonzi ecotourism
Maererano neInternational Ecotourism Association (TIES), ecotourism inogona kutsanangurwa se "kufamba zvine mutoro kunzvimbo dzechisikigo inodzivirira zvakatipoteredza uye inovandudza kugara zvakanaka kwevagari vemo." Saka, kutaura nezve ecotourism kutaura nezve kushanya kwakanaka uye zvakatipoteredza uye nzanga dzemuno vanogara munzvimbo iyoyo. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvinopesana nezvaifungidzirwa pakutanga, ecotourism haisi kungoita chero rudzi rwekushanyirwa kwakabatana nemasikirwo, asi mukuwedzera kune zvakasikwa, hukama hunofanirwa kugara hwakavakirwa pakuremekedza uye kubva pamaonero ehutsika.
Nenzira iyi, kana tikatora rwendo kuenda kumakomo semuenzaniso, tinogona kuti ecotourism nekuti inzvimbo yakasikwa. Asi chinonyatso tsanangura kana rwendo rwedu rwuri muenzaniso weecotourism ichave hukama hwatinokudziridza negomo, kwete nzvimbo yakasarudzwa chete.
Nenzira iyo, kana tikaita nzira, rwendo rwedu haina kukanganisa mugomo (hatirasi marara munharaunda, hatikuvadzi maruva nemhuka dzezvakatipoteredza, uye hatibatanidzi nekushandiswa kusingagoneki kwenhaka yechisikigo, mabhizinesi emunharaunda kana vagari, nezvimwewo), inogona kuonekwa semuenzaniso. nezve ecotourism.
Nepo, pane zvinopesana, kana rwendo rumwe cheterwo rwukaitwa nenzira isingagadzirike, semuenzaniso kushandisa zvivakwa zvakaita se ski resorts (zvine kukanganisa kwakanyanya kukuvadza nharaunda yemakomo), kunyangwe iri rudzi rwenzvimbo yakasikwa uye. inogona kugadzira hupfumi kune vagari venzvimbo, hatigone kutaura nezve ecotourism, nekuti hukama huripo pakati pevashanyi nemhoteredzo hunoreva kudzikira mukuita kwemabasa avo evashanyi.
Nheyo dze ecotourism
IInternational Ecotourism Association inotsanangura iyo yechokwadi ecotourism seecotourism inoenderana nemamwe misimboti. Aya ndiwo misimboti minomwe ye ecotourism:
- Deredza kukanganisa kwakashata pane zvakatipoteredza nenharaunda.
- Ita ruremekedzo nekuziva, kusanganisira zvakatipoteredza netsika.
- Gadzira zviitiko zvakanaka zvevashanyi uye vagari venzvimbo.
- Gadzira mabhenefiti ehupfumi ayo anoshandiswa zvakananga kuchengetedza saiti.
- kuvimbiswa kuwana hupfumi uye kukurudzira kutora chikamu mukuita sarudzo munharaunda.
- Wedzera kunzwisiswa kune zvematongerwo enyika, zvakatipoteredza uye zvemagariro mamiriro enzvimbo dzakashanyirwa.
- Tsigira kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose uye mitemo nemirau yebasa munharaunda.
Aya misimboti minomwe ndiyo yekutanga yekunzwisisa kudzika kweecotourism nezvinangwa zvayo zvenguva pfupi uye zvenguva refu.
Zvinoreva munharaunda
Mazuva ano, munharaunda yevatengi yatinogara, kune nzira dzakawanda dze "kuita tourism", uye kufanana nemabasa akawanda ezuva nezuva munharaunda yakadaro, kukanganisa kwayo kune zvakatipoteredza kune njodzi. Rudzi urwu rwe "consumer tourism" runosanganisira kushatiswa kwenzvimbo yakasikwa uye kuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwevanhu vemunharaunda kuti vabatsirike zvakanyanyazvisinei nezvazvinoita.
Iyi nzira yekunzwisisa kushanya, zvese zvine hutsika nehupfumi, inoumba kukanganisa kwakanyanya. Kubva pakuona kwetsika, kushatiswa kwemhoteredzo uye kubatwa zvisina kunaka kwevagari vemo hakuna kururama.
Kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, rudzi urwu rwekushanya runoda kuparadzwa kwenhaka inobvumira kushanya kuti kuvepo uye kuchengetedzwa, nekudaro kupedzisira vafunga kuti kuparadzwa kwayo ibazi rinounza hupfumi.
Nenzira iyi, kushanya kwevatengi inoratidzwa seyekufamba vhezheni ye "shandisa uye kurasa" modhi iyo inotonga mabasa mazhinji munzanga yanhasi, inova muenzaniso wakashata wezvose zvine chekuita nemhoteredzo.
Mukupesana, ecotourism muenzaniso wekushanya umo kuita zviitwa zvemunhu hazvireve kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvinokwezva vashanyi zvinobvumira kuita zviitiko. Izvi zvinewo mhedzisiro yehunhu nehupfumi. Kubva pamaonero etsika, Iyo muenzaniso yekushanya inobvumira hukama hune hukama nemasikirwo uye nharaunda dzenzvimbo.
Kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, inovimbisa kuti chiitiko chevashanyi chiri kutaurwa chinoita chiitiko chisingaperi nekufamba kwenguva, zvinoreva kuti ichakwanisa kuburitsa hupfumi nekusingaperi uye pasina zuva rekupera, pamwe nekuvimbisa ramangwana rehupfumi renharaunda. Local.
Mienzaniso ye ecotourism
Mimwe yemienzaniso yakanyatsojeka ye ecotourism inogona kuwanikwa mukutonga kwemamwe mapaki echisikigo uye marine reserves akachinja mabhizinesi avo kuti aenderane. kukoshesa kuchengetedza pane zvakanakira kushanya kwevatengi. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nemaitiro chaiwo, mamwe eanonyanyozivikanwa ndeaya anotevera:
Deredza nhamba yevashanyi uye motokari dzepachivande
Ichi chiyero chakakosha kudzikisa kukanganisa kwekushanya kwevanhu vakawanda. Matikiti anofanira kutengwa pachine nguva, zvichiita kuti a manejimendi ari nani ekufambiswa kwevashanyi, asingapfuuri nhamba yevashanyi kunze kwekutonga kwemukuru wedunhu. Saizvozvowo, kupinda nemugwagwa kunorambidzwa, zvichimanikidza vashanyi kuti vasvike munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa mukutakura kwakakosha nekuda kweichi chinangwa uye vadzivise zvifambiso zvepachivande.
Zviito zvisina kukanganisa mhedzisiro
Nomuzvarirwo, kuvapo kwevashanyi kune kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvakadaro, kukoshesa kuchapihwa kune zviitwa zvine kukanganisa hakusi kukanganisa kana kusagadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kushanya kwemasikati kumapaki echisikigo kunobvumidzwa, asi kudzika musasa usiku kunorambidzwa.
Gadzira zvivakwa zvinogara zviripo
Nzira yakanakisa yekutonga zvakachengetedzeka nharaunda yevashanyi ndeyekutarisira zvakachengetedzeka zvivakwa zvevashanyi. Nenzira iyi, Masisitimu ari nyore sekuisa bhokisi remarara munzvimbo yekupaka anobatsira kushanda.
Gadzirai mabasa uye kumutsiridza hupfumi hwenyika
Kugadzirwa kwemabasa emuno kunofarirwa nekuti kunoda kuti vashandi vagare varipo. Zvakadai sevaridzi, veterinarians, vashandi vebasa rekushanya, vashandi vemunharaunda, nezvimwe.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve ecotourism chii uye kuti ndeapi maitiro ayo.