Biomass ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinowanikwazve zviwanikwa ne ramangwana rakakura uye kugona munyika medu, nekuti isu tine nzira huru dzekuigadzira: zvekurima, zviwanikwa zvesango… Zvisinei, isu tichiri kure nematanho anodikanwa uye kubva mukuishandisa sezvatingagone. Sei? Tiri kupi?
Neraki, biomass iri kuramba ichivapo munharaunda medu uye ine ramangwana kuvimbisa kwazvo. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mune dhata kubva ku AVEBIOM Biomass Observatory, iyo yatinotsanangudza pazasi.
Biomass
Asi chekutanga pane zvese isu ticha tsanangura kuti iri simba rinowedzerwazve rinosanganisira chii. Chatinoti biomass is organic kana maindasitiri nyaya inoshandiswa kugadzira renewable energy yakatorwa mukushandiswa kweyekupisa maitiro echinhu chimwe chete ichi. Kazhinji, biomass inogadzirwa nezvinhu kubva kune zvipenyu kana zvisaririra uye zvisaririra. Inogona kugadzirwa nemashizha, matanda ehuni, marara, zvichingodaro.
Kuitsanangura nenzira yakapusa, kana kumurimi kubvisa zvisaririra zvezvirimwa zvake kwagara kuri dambudziko, kushandisa biomass inzira yekubuda nayo, nekuti tsvina iyi yese inogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi, padanho repamba kana remaindasitiri. Zvigadzirwa zvinobva kune biomass zvinoshandiswa kusimba kwesimba zvinonzi biofuels, uye zvinogona kuve zvakasimba (kune zvinodziya uye zvemagetsi zvinangwa) kana mvura (biofuels). Parizvino zvinokwanisika kushandisa simba kubva ku biomass nenzira dzakasiyana, kubva pakupisa uye magetsi ekugadzira zvirimwa kusvika kumatraffic nekufambisa mafomu.
Tevere isu tichaona akasiyana mairafu, ayo anoratidza kushanduka kwe zvitatu zvezvinhu zvikuru yeiyo simba chikamu: inofungidzirwa simba mu kW, huwandu hwekuiswa uye simba rakagadzirwa muGWh. Kwayakabva iyo data inoshandiswa ndeyewebhu yakakosha muchikamu: www.chaigamer.es.
Chii chinonzi Observatoriobiomasa.es?
La Spanish Sangano reBiomass Energy Valorization (AVEBIOM) yakagadzira iyi webhusaiti muna 2016 kusvika kuunza biomass data uye fungidziro kune vanhu vazhinji sezvinobvira, ine chinangwa chikuru chekuunza pamwechete, muchikuva chimwe chete, ruzivo rwekushandiswa kweiyo thermal biomass muSpain.
Kutenda kuDIBIOM's chairo data uye idzo dzakapihwa neNational Observatory yeBiomass Boilers neBiofuel Mutengo Index, kuwedzera kune iyo kubatana kwemakambani nemasangano ari mubiomass chikamu, Inogona kuburitsa shanduko, kuenzanisa uye kupa data uye fungidziro.
Girafu 1: Evhangeri yehuwandu hweiyo biomass kuiswa muSpain
Muenzaniso wakajeka weakakura boom yeiyi tekinoroji ndeye kuwedzera munhamba yekuisirwa yerudzi urwu rwesimba rinowedzerwazve.
Idzo dhata dzazvino dziripo dzinoratidza kuti muna 2015 maive nekuisirwa 160.036 kuSpain. Kuwedzera kwemakumi maviri neshanu muzana poenzanisira negore rapfuura, uko nhamba yacho yaingove pamusoro pe127.000.
Makore masere apfuura, pakanga pasina zviuru gumi zvakaiswa uye muna 8 vakatopfuura 10.000, zviri pachena kuti shanduko uye kuwedzera kwebiomass munyika medu chokwadi chechokwadi uye zvakajeka kuoneka.
Mabhaira
Isu tinorangarira kuti aya ma boiler anoshandiswa senge biomass simba sosi uye yechizvarwa chekupisa mudzimba nezvivakwa. Ivo vanoshandisa senge simba sosi mafuta chaiwo senge huni pellets, maorivhi makomba, masango masara, nzungu makoko, nezvimwe. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakare kudziyisa mvura mudzimba nezvivakwa.
Girafu 2: Shanduko yesimba rinofungidzirwa rebiomass muSpain (kW)
Mhedzisiro yakajeka yekuwedzera kwenhamba yekuisirwa ndiko kuwedzera kwesimba rinofungidzirwa.
Simba rese rakamisikidzwa kuSpain raive 7.276.992 kW muna 2015. Tichienzanisa iyo nenguva yapfuura, iyo yakazara yakaisirwa simba yakawedzera ne21,7% kana ichienzaniswa na2014, iko kufungidzira kwekW kwaingova pasi pemamirioni matanhatu.
Sezvinoonekwa mugirafu, kuwedzera kwehuremu hwebiomass mune iyi metric inokura kubva nzira inogara iripo pamusoro pemakore.
Iko kukura kunoitika maererano neyakaisirwa yakazara simba kubva 2008 kusvika kune yekupedzisira data yakapihwa muna 2015 yanga iri 381%, kuenda kubva ku1.510.022 kW kusvika zvinopfuura 7.200.000.
Girafu 3: Shanduko yesimba rakagadzirwa muSpain (GWh)
Kupedzisa nema graphs, isu tichaongorora shanduko panguva ye makore 8 apfuura yesimba rinogadzirwa nesimba iri muSpain.
Kunge maviri metric apfuura, kukura kunogara kuri pamusoro pemakore ari iwo 2015, iine 12.570 GWh, iro gore rine yakakwira vhoriyamu yeGWh. 20,24% kupfuura muna 2014. Iko kuwedzera kwesimba kunogadzirwa nebiomass kubvira 2008 yave 318%.
Kubatanidzwa kwebiomass pakati pesimba guru renyika yedu kunoenderera mberi nenzira yayo nguva dzose. Kuti uone zvakajeka shanduko yayo yakanaka chingotarisa iyo 2008 data.
Munguva iyoyo paive nekuiswa kwe9.556 kwakagadzira simba rinofungidzirwa re3.002,3 GWh ine simba rinofungidzirwa re1.510.022 Kw uye muna2015, yekupedzisira data iripo, yawedzera kusvika pa12.570 GWh yemagetsi anogadzirwa, 160.036 kuiswa uye 7.276.992 Kw yesimba rinofungidzirwa.