Kune mhuka dzakawanda dzinoonekwa sedzisiri munyika ino. Imwe yemhuka dzinonyanya kushomeka ndeye axolotl. Iyo amphibian yakawanikwa makore angangoita zana nemakumi mashanu apfuura uye ine hunhu husati hwamboonekwa mune imwe mhando. Iyo inouya kubva kumvura yeMexico uye ine chitarisiko chinoshamisira. Chinhu chinoshamisa pane iyi mhuka zvese hunhu hwayo inoita kuti ive imwe yemhuka dzinonyanya kufarira uye dzinonakidza kudzidza nekudzidza nezvadzo.
Muchikamu chino tichaenda kukuratidzei hunhu, kugara, kupa uye kubereka kweaxolotl.
Mhando huru
Mhuka iyi ine zita resainzi re Ambystoma mexicanum uye iri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa engozi yekutsakatika. Iyo ndeimwe yemhuka dzinogona kunyangarika munguva pfupi. Tichaona zvikonzero zvekutyisidzira kwavo gare gare.
Hunhu hukuru hwemhuka iyi uye chinoita kuti ishaike ndeyekuti ine iko kugona kwekumutsiridza mitezo yako, nhengo uye nyama izvo zvakambodimburwa. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakasarudzika zvinozivikanwa zvemamphibian. Kukwanisa kwayo kunotosvika panhengo dzakakosha senge uropi nemoyo. Masayendisiti anoshamiswa nekugona kwayo kukuru kwekuvandudza mapfupa, tsinga kana zvinyama mune imwe vhiki. Chiri kunyanya kushamisa ndechekuti haina kusiya chero mushure-mhedzisiro kubva mutsaona iri mubvunzo.
Pakati peongororo dzakakomberedza iyi isingawanzo marudzi ndeimwe yezvakakosha zvakanyanya kuwanikwa musainzi Uye ndeyekuti iyo axolotl ine yakakura kwazvo yakateedzana genome yakawanikwa mune yese nhoroondo. Kana tikazvienzanisa neijenome yemunhu, tinoona kuti huwandu hwayo hwemajini hwakapetwa ka100. Iyo ndeimwe yemhuka dzinoshamisira idzo dzine saizi ingangoita makumi matatu masendimita zvakanyanya, iine avhareji urefu hwemasendimita gumi neshanu. Kazhinji inorema pakati pe60 kusvika 230 gramu, saka idiki.
Iyo isingawanzoitika amphibian iyo inogona kufananidzwa netadpole nekuda kwekumwe kufanana kwayo muchitarisiko chemuviri. Isu tinosimbisa zviri nyore maziso ayo mashoma, muswe uye rakatsetseka ganda. Iinewo makumbo uye matete chaizvo. Iwo mazino madiki muhukuru uye akarongedzwa mumitsara.
Iyo pigmentation yeiyo axolotl zvakare yakakosha. Uye ndezvekuti iyi pigment inogona kusiana mune mamwe mamodheru zvichienderana neecosystem kwayinokura. Tinogona kuwana mimvuri inotangira kubva kuchena, chena, albino, goridhe, shava uye nhema, pakati pevamwe. Mune akawanda maenzaniso, rakasviba bhuru ruvara rinokunda.
Tsananguro yeaxolotl
Mhuka iyi ine mapara matatu egirosi akaumbwa kunge minhenga uye anomuka kubva pasi pemusoro wayo. Ivo vari kumashure. Chimwe chehunhu hwayo hunonakidza ndechekuti inokwanisa kuchengetedza ayo maruva kutaridzika kusvika padanho revakuru. Ndokunge, muhupenyu hwese hwevanhu zvinopa pfungwa yekuti vachiri kufanira kuwedzera kumberi. Zvisinei, ndiko kuonekwa kwayo kwekupedzisira. Kunyangwe ivo vakanyatso kukura uye vava vakuru uye vakura pabonde, ivo vachiri nechitarisiko chemaruva. Izvo hazvitaridzwe semhuka dzine njodzi, zvakapesana. Iyo axolotl ine kazhinji yakagadzikana tsika. Hurefu hwayo kazhinji hunowedzera kusvika pamakore gumi nemashanu ekuberekwa. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nemamiriro enharaunda kwaanowanikwa uye nezviito zvemunhu wenyama.
Habitat nenzvimbo yekugovera
Mhuka iyi inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinogara mvura yakachena. Izvo zvakasiyana kubva kune mamwe ma salamanders mukuti ivo vanokwanisa kuramba vari mumvura vachienderera. Iwe unogona kupa yangu mhuka mhuka seyakazara mhuka yemumvura. Idzo imhuka dzinogona kurarama mushe mukutapwa, kunyangwe dzichida mamiriro akakwana etembiricha, mvura, mwenje uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nguva dzese.
Kana iko kuchengetwa kuri kwechokwadi, vanogona kugara mumakungwa kazhinji zvakajairika. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mwana wevanhu ari kurapa mhando iyi yekune dzimwe nyika uye achidzikisa huwandu hwayo nenzira isingagadzirisike. Nzvimbo yeaxolotl yekuparadzira inowedzerwa mumvura dzeMupata weMexico, kunyangwe parizvino iri Lake Xochimilco iripo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudzoreredza kwayo muhuwandu nekuda kwezviitiko zvakasiyana zvakashata.
Axolotl kudyisa
Mhuka iyi inodya usiku, sezvo ichifanira kunge yakarara. Kutsvaga chikafu chavo vanoshandisa pfungwa yavo yekunaka. Sezvo iine mazino madiki, mhuka iyi haigoni kutsenga. Naizvozvo, haigoni kupwanya mhuka yayo asi inofanira kuibata. Mukudya kwavo vanowanzo taura zvakasiyana zvekudya. Munzvimbo yaro yechisikigo tinoona kuti kudya kwayo kunoumbwa ne hove diki, crustaceans senge maacociles, mollusks, makonye, madhiri madiki uye zvipembenene.
Kana vari mukutapwa vanodyiswa honye dzevhu, zvidimbu zvidiki zveteki nyama, huku kana hove uye mamwe makonye. Chokwadi chinoda kuziva nezve kufudza mhuka idzi ndechekuti kana dziri diki dzinofudza mazuva ese. Zvisinei, sezvavanokura uye kusvika pakuva vanhu vakuru vanova mhuka idzo Vanodya pakati pe 2 ne4 nguva pasvondo.
Kuberekwa kweiyo axolotl
Mhuka iyi inogona kuchengetwa muhunhu hwayo kwehupenyu hwayo hwese. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe iine hunhu hwehuturu, inogona kusvika pakukura pabonde. Izvi zvinoitika mushure Mwedzi 12 kusvika ku18 aberekwa. Kubva panguva iyi kufambidzana kunotanga. Iyi nzira yekudanana inotanga apo gungwa rinobata kutarisisa kwemukadzi mushure mekusundira muswe wake muhovha yemumwe wake. A gare gare vese vanotamba mumatenderedzwa.
Hadzi inokandira mazai angangoita mazana maviri kusvika kumazana matatu pakabatana rimwe nerimwe. Vanogadzika muhuswa hwakakomberedza kwavanogara uye vanokwanisa kutevedzera kumatombo. Mushure memazuva anenge gumi nemana vanochonya.
Huru dzinodya mhuka dzeaxolotl ndedzimwe mhando dzehove, pakati padzo dzatinowana carp uye tilapia.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezveiyo axolotl nehunhu hwayo.