Panyika yedu tine manyuko maviri esimba zvinoenderana nekushandisa kwavo uye kuburitsa kwavo. Kune rimwe divi, isu tine iyo Isina-kumutsidzirwa magetsi masosi ayo ari iwo anowanikwa mune zvakasikwa nenzira shoma. Izvo hazvigone kuvandudzwa uye vanozviita zvishoma nezvishoma zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwevanhu. Semuenzaniso, isu tine kuunganidzwa kwekabhoni iyo inogona kutora anopfuura makore mazana mashanu emamiriyoni kuti ivandudzwe. Kune rimwe divi, isu tine simba rinowedzerwazve. Icho chiri pamusoro pesimba rakachena uye rakaganhurirwa iro risingasvibise asi kuti kwaive nanhasi kune zvakawanda zvekuvandudza.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza nezve izvo zvikuru zvisingadzoreke simba masosi, hunhu hwavo uye mashandisiro avo.
Isina-kumutsidzirwa magetsi masosi
Kune mhando mbiri dzesimba risingadzorekezve: rakajairika simba uye risingapindike simba. Simba rakajairika risingadzoreke rinofukidza zvese zvisaririra zvemagetsi, senge mafuta, gasi rechisikigo, uye marasha, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya sosi dzemagetsi pasirese.
Aya marudzi ezvinyorwa anogara achigoverwa mupasi rese uye anogadzira simba rakawanda pachikamu chenguva, pasina kukanganwa kuti ndivo vanga vari vatyairi vemasimba emaindasitiri kubvira pakagadzirwa injini yemhepo.
Wese munhu anoziva matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anokonzerwa nesimba iri, senge iyo greenhouse mhedzisiro, kuwedzera kwetembiricha uye mimwe mhedzisiro. Ndosaka tiri kushanda nesimba mazuva ese kuti tirege kushandisa iri simba uye nekuritsiva nesimba rinowedzerwazve.
Seasinga dzorerwe uye isingawanikwi magetsi masosi, tinogona kuwana izvo zvinouya kubva kune biofuels, agrofuels kana mafuta anorimwas uye nyukireya senge uranium uye plutonium.
Mafuta emafuta
Tiri kuzotsanangura sosi huru dzemafuta, hunhu hwavo uye mashandisiro avo.
Marasha: Marasha chikamu chemafuta uye isimba risingamutsiridzike. Iyo organic organic uye inofungidzirwa kuti mazhinji emarasha yakaumbwa pakati pemamirioni 280 ne 345 emakore apfuura. Sekureva kweMinistry yeIndasitiri, Energy uye Tourism yeSpain, kushandiswa kwesimba iri mu2016 kwaive 10.442 KTEP, iri pachinzvimbo chechina mune mamwe magetsi.
Oiri: Oiri ndiyo sosi huru yesimba uye chikamu chemafuta nekuti inowanikwa munzvimbo dzepasi pevhu mumativi ekumusoro epasi. Kufanana nemafuta ese emafuta, isimba risingamutsiridzwe sosi uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya senge mbishi yekugadzira mapurasitiki nezvimwe zvinogadzirwa. MuSpain, simba rinoshandiswa kubva pasimba iri 54.633 KTEP, inova simba rinonyanya kushandiswa kana richienzaniswa nemamwe magetsi.
Natural gasi: Natural gasi ndiyo yechipiri yepamusoro simba rekushandisa muSpain muna 2016, ine simba rekushandisa re25035 KTEP. Iko kusanganiswa kwemahydrocarbon akatorwa kubva mumadhipoini anogona kunge ari padyo nemafuta kana marasha. Simba iri rinofanirwa kugadziriswa risati rashandiswa kumabasa epamba kana ezvokutengeserana, uye rine zviuru zvekushandisa mumaindasitiri, mudzimba, kana kutakurwa, senge kugadzirwa kwesimba.
Biofuels uye agrofuels
Biofuels isimba rinobva musanganiswa yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu. Inowanikwa kubva kumhando dzekurima dzakaita semufarinya, chibage, soya, sunflower, miti yemichindwe uye kunyangwe marudzi emusango akaita sepine kana eucalyptus.
Iyo huru biofuels ndeye bioethanol uye biodiesel. MuSpain, kushandiswa kwesimba kwebiomass, biofuels uye marara anomutsiridzwa kwaive 6688 KTEP muna2016, ichitora chechitanhatu mune mamwe magetsi.
Asinga-dzorerwe magetsi masosi: simba renyukireya
Kunyangwe paine musiyano mukuru musimba renyukireya zvine chekuita nemamwe masimba asingamutsiridzike. Uye ndeyekuti rudzi urwu rwesimba harugadzire kubuda kwemweya wegreenhouse panguva yechizvarwa chayo, asi inogadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwemarara ane njodzi emagetsi anonetsa kurapa. Izvo zvinofanirwa zvakare kuwedzerwa kuti kunzi tsvina inopedzisira yashatisa nharaunda uye kuva nemhedzisiro yakakomba paivhu, mvura nemhepo.
Simba renyukireya isimba rinogadzirwa nekuora kweatomu yeuranium. Iri simba rinopisa rinofashaidza mvura inowanikwa mumagetsi enyukireya uye rinoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi nema turbine.
Uranium inogumira zvicherwa inowanikwa mune zvakasikwa, ichiita iyo isingadzoreke sosi. MuSpain, maererano neshumo yeHurumende yeIndasitiri, Energy uye Tourism, Iri simba rinoshandisa 15.260 KTEP yesimba, iri pechitatu pakati pemamwe magetsi.
Tichitarisa kumashure kune makuru esimba risingakwidziridzwe masosi esimba, tinoona kuti mashandisiro awo achiri pamusoro pekufunga kwedu. Ichokwadi chekugara tichiteerera nhau nezve simba rinowedzerwazve dzinogona kutiita kuti tifunge kuti tazadzisa kuzvipira kwedu kunharaunda, asi izvi handizvo.
Zvakanakira nekuipira
Tinofanira kuziva kuti simba risingamutsiridzike rine zvazvakanakira nekuipira. Hazvisi zvese zvinogona kuve nhema kana chena maererano nesimba. Chekutanga pane zvese, funga kuti zvakanakirei. Ngatinyorwei izvi:
- Kuwanika kwemafuta uye marasha zvakanaka.
- Iwo matekinoroji anoshandiswa kusunga aya masosi esimba akagadzirwawo zvakanaka.
Izvi zvinhu zviviri, pakati pezvimwe zvishoma, ndizvo zvinoita simba risingadzoreke semutengo wemakwikwi sezvazviri nhasi. Shanduko inoenda kubudiriro inopihwa simba nemagetsi anovandudzwa inoda zvinoda shanduko huru munzira yatinoshandisa nayo simba.
Iye zvino tava kuzoongorora kuti ndezvipi zvakanakira zvisinga dzorerwe magetsi masosi:
- Pane imwe nguva simba risingamutsiridzike rinonyangarika, hazvigone kutsiviwa kana kumutsiridzwa.
- Kubviswa kwesimba risingamutsiridzike uye ne-zvigadzirwa zvavanosiya zvichikonzera kukanganisa nharaunda. Pasina kupokana kuti mafuta emafuta anobatsira mukudziya kwepasi.
- Kana mafuta emafuta akapiswa, nitrous oxides inokonzera kusvibiswa kwemakemikari, Sulphur dioxide inogadzira asidhi kunaya uye girinihausi gasi anoburitswa.
- Chinhu chakanyanya kudzikira pasimba risingadzoreke iri dambudziko rekutyora tsika yekuvimba nayo.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve zvisinga-dzorerwe magetsi masosi uye maitiro avo.