Green hydrogen imhando yehydrogen inogadzirwa kuburikidza nenzira inodaidzwa kuti mvura electrolysis, iyo inoshandisa magetsi kubva kune anogona kuvandudzwa, senge solar kana mhepo simba. Iyi tekinoroji inoonekwa seimwe inovimbisa imwe yemafuta efossil, sezvo kugadzirwa kwegirinhi haidhirojeni kunenge kusina kabhoni. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe Green hydrogen matambudziko izvo zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kuzvitora seimwe yepamutemo imwe nzira kune fossil mafuta.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza pamusoro pematambudziko makuru e-green hydrogen, maitiro ayo, zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri.
kugadzirwa kwehydrogen
Hydrogen ine simba rekuchengeta simba rinogona kushandiswa kana richidiwa. Ichi hachisi chinhu chitsva. Asi hydrogen haisi yoga paNyika. Inogara yakabatanidzwa kune mamwe mamorekuru kuti aumbe zvinhu. Iyo yakapfava: mvura uye inozivikanwa kwazvo molecular formula H2O. Maatomu maviri ehydrogen anosunganidzwa kune imwe okisijeni.
Asi inowanikwawo mumafuta emafuta akadai semethane kana liquefied petroleum. Pari zvino, 99% yehydrogen muSpain inobva kune aya mafossils. Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency, kutengwa kwehydrogen pasi rose kunogadzira matani anosvika 900 miriyoni ecarbon dioxide emissions gore rega rega.
Kuti uunganidze hydrogen kubva kune yakachena feedstock semvura, zvinodikanwa kuisa magetsi pairi kuti iparadzanise zvinhu zvayo uye kuchengetedza haidrojeni iri yoga. Kana magetsi anoshandiswa mukuita kwe electrolysis achibva kune zvinogonekazve, senge solar panel kana windmills, inonzi green hydrogen. Nekuburitsa simba rayo rakachengetwa, haibudisi magasi egreenhouse. Saizvozvo, inogadzirisa dambudziko remamiriro ekunze nekutenda kwakanaka.
kuchengetedza simba
Kana magetsi anogadzirwa ne photovoltaic parks kana wind turbines akashandiswa kugadzira hydrogen yakaparadzaniswa nemvura, izvi zvinozoita sehuni. Mune mamwe mazwi, simba iri (magetsi) harirasike kana kushandiswa kana ragadzirwa: hydrogen inogona kuzoburitswa kuburikidza neinjini, muchina kana mabhatiri ane tekinoroji chaiyo.
Bazi reEcological Transition rinoratidza kuti basa rayo sekuchengetedza mwaka richave rakakosha, tichifunga nezvekushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve musimba remagetsi riri kuramba richivandudzwa. Iyi ichava imwe yemhinduro dzekugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kana zviwanikwa zvinogona kudzokororwa zvichigara zvichishomeka.
Green hydrogen matambudziko
Dambudziko rinofanira kunge riri mutengo uye kuoma kwekugadzira. Chekutanga, kunyangwe hydrogen chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakawandisa paPasi, haiwanikwe nyore nekuti haiwanikwe yakazvimiririra mune zvakasikwa, asi panzvimbo pezvo. inogadzirwa kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu zvine hydrogen, semvura, marasha, uye gasi rechisikigo. Nzira yakanaka yekuigadzira ndeyekuiwana zvakananga kubva mumvura (iyo iripo mu70% yepasi pevhu) kuburikidza nenzira inonzi electrolysis, iyo inosanganisira kuparara kwemamorekuru emvura (H2O), akaora kuita oxygen (O2) uye hydrogen (H2).
Zvisinei, iyi inowanzova nzira inodhura inoda magetsi akawanda (kwete kubva kune zvinyorwa zvinogadziriswa muzviitiko zvakawanda) kupa simba ma electrolyzers. Kuomerwa kwekuwana 100% yakachena haidrojeni kwaita kuti vagadziri vagadzire zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nekukosha kwazvo. Saka, grey hydrogen, iyo pari zvino inonyanya kushandiswa, ndiyo ine hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza, sezvo kugadzirwa kwayo kunoramba kuchida fossil fuels.
Seimwe nzira, "blue kana low carbon hydrogen" ichiri kuda fossil fuels asi inobudisa kabhoni shoma nokuti inobviswa kuburikidza nenzira inonzi "capture and storage." Iyo yakasvibira sarudzo ndeye "girini hydrogen" inogadzirwa kubva kune inovandudzwa simba, imwe 100% inogoneka imwe nzira asi isinganyanyi kuwanikwa pamusika.
Zvinoita marii kugadzira hydrogen?
Tsvagiridzo ichangobva kuburitswa mupepanhau rakasarudzika Nature Energy yakatanga kuyera mutengo wekugadzira haidrojeni kubva kumagetsi (kuburikidza neelectrolysis) kuona kana iri imwe nzira inogona kutengeserana. Kuti vaite izvi, vatsvakurudzi vakaunganidza data pamusoro pemitengo uye mitengo yehydrogen uye vakaienzanisa nemitengo yemagetsi pamusika wekutengesa uye data yegore rose pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emhepo muGermany neUnited States.
Akagumisa kuti hybrid system (inogadzira haidrojeni kubva kusimba rinodzokororwa, kazhinji mhepo kana solar) inogona kuita purofiti kubva ku3,23 euros pakirogiramu. Zvisinei, chidzidzo chimwechete chinoti mari ye electrolysers iri kudonha zvakanyanya, iyo inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yekugadzira hydrogen kubva kune zvinyorwa zvinogadziriswa, zvinomiririra "makore gumi akazara nehafu" maererano nekuchengetedza simba.
Muchokwadi, sekureva kwaJavier Bray, purezidhendi weSpanish Hydrogen Energy Association, zvatove kuita zvizere. Electrolysis ndiyo nzira yechipiri munyika kugadzira hydrogen pachiyero cheindasitiri. Uyezve, inzira yakachena uye mutengo wayo wakanangana nemagetsi anoshandiswa mukugadzira kwayo. Kune nyanzvi, ukoshi huri pasi pe2,5 cents pakWh inotipa mitengo inosvika 2,5 euros pakirogiramu, iyo inoita kuti ive mhinduro inoshanda yekubvisa carbonization yezvikamu zvakaita seindasitiri, zvekufambisa kana simba.
Kubatsirwa
Kunyangwe parizvino iri shoma inogadzirwa pamusika, ine mabhenefiti makuru anogara mukugona kwayo kukuru:
- kuderedza emission: Kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwegreen hydrogen hakubudisi kabhoni dhayokisaidhi kana zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvemuno, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuderedzwa kwekubuda kwegreenhouse gasi uye zvinobatsira mukurwisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Kuchengetedza simba kunoshanda: Green hydrogen inogona kuchengetwa zviri nyore, ichiita kuti ive mhinduro inoyevedza yekuchengetedza simba rinodzokororwa dzimwe nguva kana kudiwa kuri kushoma uye chizvarwa chakakwira.
- maapplication akawanda: Inogona kushandiswa kugonesa mafuta emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, semafuta emagetsi majenareta mumaindasitiri, uye seyakagadzirwa mukugadzira makemikari nefetereza.
- Kuzvimirira kwesimba: Nekuvimba nemagetsi anogona kudzokororwa pakugadzira kwayo, girini yehydrogen inoderedza kuvimba nemafuta emafuta anotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye kushanduka kwemitengo kunoenderana neaya asingadzokerike zviwanikwa.
- Mafuta akachena eindasitiri: Green hydrogen inopa yakachena uye yakagadzikana mafuta sarudzo yeindasitiri, nekudaro ichideredza kukanganiswa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza uye kubatsira kune shanduko yekuenda kune yakaderera kabhoni hupfumi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinetso zvegirini hydrogen, maitiro ayo uye zvakanakira zvainazvo.