Zomangamanga, zomangamanga, zathanzi komanso zomanga bwino

Masiku ano, anthu ochulukirachulukira ayamba kudya zinthu zachilengedwe kuti ayandikire moyo wathanzi popeza akudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamankhwala, zambiri zomwe zili ndi poizoni, zili ndi chakudya chilichonse chomwe tingagule m'sitolo.

Ndipo ndikuti tili odzaza ndi poizoni m'masiku athu ano, mwina chifukwa cha chakudya, kuipitsa mpweya kapena nyumba yathu. Inde, nyumba yathu itha kukhalanso yowononga chifukwa chakupezeka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga.

Pali zochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti ngakhale Greenpeace ili ndi kampeni yoopsa kunyumba.

Zinthu zowononga izi zimapezeka mmenemo zipangizo zomanga monga simenti (nyumba zambiri zimamangidwa ndi izo), nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zitsulo zolemera monga chrome, zinc, pakati pa ena.

Utoto wopangidwa ndi mafuta ndi varnishes okha amatulutsa zinthu zosakhazikika komanso zowopsa monga toluene, xylene, ketoni, ndi zina zambiri.

Zinthu za PVC sizipulumutsidwa mwina chifukwa zimakhala ndi poizoni kwambiri zikamapangidwa komanso zikawotchedwa.

Ndi chifukwa chake ichi Zachilengedwe zimabadwa, yomwe cholinga chake ndikupanga nyumba zathanzi komanso zotakasuka zomwe zimagwirizana nawo.

Kumanga bioconstruction sichinthu chachilendo, chifukwa agogo athu agogo kubwerera kumbuyo amakhala kale m'nyumba zachilengedwe, ngakhale nthawi zambiri kupita patsogolo ndi zotonthoza zomwe tingakhale nazo lero sizinaperekedwe.

Pofika nthawi imeneyo, nyumbazi zidamangidwa mwaluso ndi zida zoperekedwa ndi chilengedwe chomwecho monga nkhuni kapena mwala ndipo adakwanitsa kupereka malo okhala okwanira kwa okhalamo ndipo ngakhale adamangidwa ndi zida izi, zambiri zatifikira zili bwino.

Sizinali mpaka mafakitale Revolution zomwe zidatitsogolera pakupanga lero, unyinji wachitsulo ndi simenti.

Nyumba zobiriwira

Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito munyumbayi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri.

Zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito munyumba yobiriwira zakhala zikugwiritsidwa kale ntchito ndipo zikupitilizabe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zapamwamba monga kubwezeretsa nyumba zachifumu ndi nyumba zapamwamba.

Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha mulingo wapamwamba, siokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo imakhala yolimba kwambiri kotero timasunga ndalama pamapeto pake.

Kodi tiyenera kusiya malo athanzi ndi achilengedwe kuti tikhale ndi nyumba yamakono yosinthasintha zosowa zathu?

Inde sichoncho. Nyumba yachilengedwe imatha kupita patsogolo mofanana ndi yachizolowezi komanso ndi maubwino ena, kuwonjezera pazinthu zathanzi.

Maubwino amayang'ana kwambiri pa a kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi (chifukwa cha izi timagwiritsa ntchito bioclimatic), zomwe zimatsogolera ku kuchepa kwa chilengedwe a nyumba yathu ndi a kuchepetsa nthawi yokonza za nyumbayo ndipo, monga tidanenera kale pakupulumutsa magetsi, izi zimadziwika ndi thumba lathu.

Kodi tiyenera kuganizira chiyani mu nyumba yobiriwira?

Kuti muyambe ntchito yomanga nyumba, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuganiziridwa, yoyamba ndiyo malangizo okulembera akatswiri m'mundawu popeza zitipulumutsa mutu wambiri.

Tsoka ilo, omanga mapulani pamutuwu sadziwa zambiri za zomangamanga za eco, chifukwa chake tiyenera kuyang'ana katswiri, awa ndi ochepa, koma amapezeka kudera lonselo ndipo titha kupeza.

Chinthu chachiwiri ndi kuphunzira za geobiological malo amene nyumba idzamangidwe.

Pakafukufukuyu, zomwe zitha kusintha mwachilengedwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane, mwanjira imeneyi titha kupewa kapena kuchepetsa kusintha komwe kungasokoneze mtsogolo, monga zolakwika za geological, mpweya wa radon, malo opangira mafoni, matebulo amadzi komwe madzi amayenda, maginito amagetsi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zingwe zamagetsi ndi zina zazitali etc.

Malowo atawunikiridwa ndikuwunika momwe maderawo alili, zikhalidwe, komanso nyengo mderali atamalizidwa, ntchitoyi imachitika kuti igwirizane ndi kuchuluka kwa necesidades omwe eni ake amtsogolo ali nawo.

Zipangizozo

Kuyamba kapangidwe kake Titha kusankha pazinthu zingapo monga matabwa a ceramic ndi njerwa, mwala, nthaka (zolimbitsa nthaka, adobe, matope) ndi matabwa, izi zitha kukhala zolimba kapena zolumikizana.

Kusankha nkhuni kumadalira kapangidwe kamene kamapangidwa kutengera zida zomwe zingapezeke m'deralo.

Pankhani ya kudzipatula, zofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu, zinthu zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri monga ulusi wa masamba (hemp, matabwa, nsalu, ulusi wa kokonati, thonje ndi udzu), mapadi ndi cocork.

Nkhumba ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mgululi, ngakhale mapadi ndi ulusi wamatabwa zikuyenda, zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ndizokhazikika.

Makoma, chamkati kapena chakunja, amatha kupangidwa ngati matope a laimu, pulasitala wachilengedwe kapena dongo. Zipilala ndi matope onse ndizosavuta kupeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Kutengera pa matabwa, zitseko ndi mawindo Izi zimayenera kupangidwa ndi matabwa osamalidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ndipo, ndi mitengo yochotsa mitengo mosamalitsa. Pazifukwa izi, chabwino kwambiri ndikuti amachokera kuchidziwitso cha nkhalango monga FSC.

Zida zina zachilengedwe zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazinyumba zobiriwira ndi utoto wakunja ndi ma varnishi. Kuphatikiza apo, amayenera kupuma komanso samatulutsa mpweya wapoizoni, chifukwa utoto wopanga umateteza thukuta.

Thukuta mnyumba ndilofunika kwambiri popeza ngati alibe thukuta lokwanira, mavuto amvula ndi chinyezi amayamba, ndikupangitsa mavuto onse oyandikana nawo.

Mbali inayi, panthawi ya kukhazikitsa magetsi Tiyenera kuzindikira kufunikira kokhala ndi kulumikizana kwabwino kwa dziko lapansi, kuyika koboola ngati chingwe komanso osayika zingwe zamagetsi kumutu kwa mabedi kuti tipewe zamagetsi.

Mphamvu ya zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba

Pakumanga kwa chilengedwe, chilengedwe chimakhalapo chifukwa chake chilengedwe chimachepa, izi sizimayamba pomwe nyumbayo idamangidwapo kapena pomwe ntchito ikuchitika, koma izi zimachitika mgulu lake lonse: kuchotsa, kuyendetsa, kusamalira, kutumizira, kugwira ntchito, ndi kutha kwa moyo ndi kutaya. 

Ndipo ndikungonena za momwe zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe zimakhudzidwira komanso thanzi la anthu (zodwala ndi matenda akuntchito).

Kukula kwaukadaulo komwe kwatchulidwaku kwapangitsa kuti zitheke kukonza ukadaulo wazida, komabe, "zimalipidwa" ndimikhalidwe yachilengedwe komanso chitetezo chachilengedwe.

Ndiye kuti, pakuwonekera kwa zida zatsopano zomangira, mavuto atsopano awonekera nawo, monga: kukwera mtengo kwachilengedwe, kuwononga kwambiri mpweya, poizoni, kusowa thukuta, kusokonezedwa ndi magetsi achilengedwe ndi maginito, ndi zina zambiri. Zonsezi zimapangitsa mtundu wazinthu zotsutsana ndi zachilengedwe, zosakhala bwino komanso zamisala.

Pachifukwa ichi bioconstruction iyenera kukula ndikuchita motere, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe monga tafotokozera kale ndikugwiritsa ntchito zina njira zabwino kwambiri zomangamanga ndi kulingalira:

• Zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe nthawi yonse yamoyo.
• Zotsatira zake paumoyo wa anthu.
• Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu m'moyo wake.
• Mapindu azikhalidwe.

Ubwino wopezeka pomanga mwalamulo (kwa omwe amadzimangira okha)

Ku Spain pomanga nyumba (zilizonse kukula kwake) ntchito ndi yofunika wa mapulani kapena waluso wina waluso maluso awa, monga: akatswiri opanga mafakitale, ntchito zaboma, ndi zina zambiri, kutengera mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa ntchitoyo.

Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kudzipangira nokha nyumba mdziko muno, simuyenera kunyalanyaza tsatanetsatane wofunikirawu.

Momwemonso, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi katswiri yemwe mungamuthandizire kukayikira komanso kuwerengera kwina komwe mungaphonye chifukwa mulibe chidziwitso chokwanira.

M'matauni onse nawonso ndikofunikira kupempha chilolezo chisanachitike pazomangamanga zamtundu uliwonse ndikuganizira kuti kutengera boma lililonse mtundu wa chilolezo ungasiyane, ndani ayenera kukupatsani chilolezo, amene ali ndi ufulu wopereka ntchitoyi ...

Ngakhale zitha kukhala zovuta, ngati mungalembe zodzipangira mwalamulo mutha kupeza zabwino izi:

• Kuthetsa chiwopsezo cha chiwonongeko chifukwa chosatsatira malamulo.
• Kuthetsa zovuta pakuchita ntchito zopezera madzi, magetsi ndi madzi akumwa.
• Kuthetsa zovuta pakuchita ngongole zanyumba yokhudzana ndi zomangamanga kapena mwayi wopeza ndalama zothandizira ndi kuzindikira m'malo ogona akumidzi ndi / kapena thandizo pazantchito zaulimi ndi / kapena kuthandizira kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kukhazikitsa mphamvu zowonjezekanso.
• Zinthu zabwino zogulitsa nyumba kapena zomangamanga.

Ntchito ya Bala-box

Monga zina zowonjezera, ndiyenera kutchula za Bala-box Project, yomwe ili ndi kapangidwe ka kanyumba kakang'ono kogwiritsa ntchito matabwa ndi udzu.

Ndi ntchitoyi, Cholinga chake ndikufalitsa poyera phindu la zomangamanga, zathanzi komanso zomangamanga.

Omwe athandizira ntchitoyi ndi Alfonso Zavala, wamanga mapulani, ndi Luis Velasco, mmisiri wa matabwa komanso womanga nyumba, wokonda luso la Bioconstruction. Paloma Folache, wobwezeretsa komanso wodziwa kugwiritsa ntchito khoma, katswiri wazomaliza zachilengedwe, ndipo a Pablo Bernaola, omanga bio omwe amagwiritsa ntchito masitovu a inertia, amaliza gululi.