Kuchepetsa mtengo kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa

Sosaiti ikupitilizabe kukangana ngati kuli kwanzeru kusabetchera kwambiri mphamvu zowonjezereka (mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu ya mphepo pakati pa ena). Tekinoloje zamagetsi zikupeza maboma a theka la dziko lapansi ndipo ali paulendo wokonza mkanganowu kukhala chinthu china chachikale kwambiri.

Limodzi mwamavuto akulu kapena zopinga zomwe mphamvu zina zowonjezeredwa zili ndi mtengo woyamba wogulitsa. Komabe, malinga ndi lipoti latsopano la GTM Research, mitengo yakukhazikitsa mphamvu ya dzuwa ipitilira kutsika mpaka 27% pofika 2022. Iran pafupifupi kutsitsa mitengo ndi 4,4% pafupifupi mpaka 27%.

Mitengo yamphamvu ya dzuwa imatsika

Ripotilo lipanga zamtsogolo pamitengo yama makina azama photovoltaic. Mmenemo, zochitika zowoneka bwino zitha kuwonedwa zomwe zimathandizira kutsika kwamitengo yazinthu zadzuwa. Mitengoyi sidzangotsitsidwa pamtengo chifukwa chakuchepa kwamtengo wa ma module, komanso ndi otchipa otsika mtengo, otsatira, komanso ngakhale mitengo yakuntchito.

Madera onse omwe angasankhe mphamvu zowonjezeredwa adzapindula ndi kutsika kwa mitengo. Mitengo yotsika kwambiri yaposachedwa imachokera ku India, komwe misika yadzikolo yakhala ikupanga mosasunthika ndipo zadzetsa mpikisano wampikisano kwambiri. Izi zapangitsa kuti mitengo itsike.

Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwa anthu onse omwe amasankha mphamvu zowonjezereka kuti apange magetsi. Kodi ili likhala gawo latsopanoli kuti lisinthe pakusintha kwa mphamvu kupita pazowonjezeredwa?

Izi zonse ndizabwino, koma sizokwanira. Ngati mphamvu ya dzuwa ikufuna kukhala wosewera padziko lonse lapansi, iyenera kutero opindulitsa kwambiri kuposa magwero ena amagetsi a kanthawi kochepa: Pakadali pano ili kale, kuphatikiza apo, m'maiko opitilira 50, mphamvu ya dzuwa ndiye mphamvu yotsika mtengo kuposa zonse.

Nkhondo yamphamvu ndi zaka 20 kuchokera pano

Ngakhale timakonda kuyang'ana mtengo wopanga pa kilowatt ola limodzi, sindicho mtengo wosangalatsa kwambiri wokomera ana mphamvu zowonjezeredwa. Osachepera, pamalingaliro ngati apano omwe zongowonjezwdwa zilibe ndalama zolipirira ndalama.

Makina amagetsi okhala ndi zida zazikuluzikulu zopanga ndalama amapangidwa ndi zaka zingapo zoyembekezera, ngakhale zaka makumi ambiri. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa zongowonjezwdwa kumachedwa: kamodzi kokha nyukiliya, gasi, malasha (kapena mtundu wina uliwonse) ikamangidwa, sizotheka kuzizimitsa mpaka kumapeto kwa ntchito yake. Zikadakhala, nthawi zambiri nkapena ndalamazo zikapezekanso, zomwe sizingachitike chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu kunja uko.

Mwanjira ina, ngati tikufuna kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane momwe msika wamagetsi udzasinthire, tiyenera kuwunika ndalama zomwe zimayambira kuyambitsa mphamvu iliyonse kuyambira pachiyambi. Kupindulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kwakanthawi pazomera zamagetsi ndikofunikira posankha komaliza kwa amalonda ndi andale; Kapenanso, kuyika mwanjira ina, mphamvu yotsika mtengo kwambiri kuti ipange yomwe ikufuna ndalama zoyambirira sizingalandiridwe.

Mphamvu ya dzuwa imatha kupikisana ndi aliyense

Malinga ndi malipoti angapo ochokera kuthupi limodzi, pamakampani opanga mphamvu: «Mphamvu ya dzuwa yopanda mphamvu yayamba kuthamangitsa malasha ndi gasi wamsika Kuphatikiza apo, mapulojekiti atsopano a dzuwa m'misika yomwe ikubwera akutenga ndalama zochepa poyerekeza ndi mphepo.

Ndipo, zowonadi, m'maiko pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi limodzi omwe akutuluka mtengo wapakati wazoyikira dzuwa umafunika kutero Kupanga megawatt iliyonse kwatsikira kale ku $ 1.650.000, pansi pa 1.660.000 yomwe imawononga mphamvu zamagetsi.

Monga momwe tikuwonera mu graph yapita, chisinthiko ndichachidziwikire. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, omwe ndi omwe akuchulukirachulukira mu mpweya wa CO_2.

Apeza njira yopangira magetsi pamtengo wopikisana komanso m'njira yosinthika.

Mtengo wa mphamvu ya dzuwa vs mtengo wamalasha

Chaka chino zatsimikizira kuthamanga kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa m'mbali zonse, kuyambira kusinthika kwaukadauloKu misika yomwe makampani azinsinsi amalimbirana nawo mapangano akuluakulu kuti apeze magetsi, mwezi ndi mwezi mbiri imakhazikitsidwa yamagetsi otsika mtengo a dzuwa.

Chaka chatha adayamba contract ya pangani magetsi $ 64 pa MW / ola limodzi ochokera kudziko la India. Mgwirizano watsopano mu Ogasiti udatsitsa chiwerengerocho kukhala chithunzi chodabwitsa chakumapeto $ 29 megawatt nthawi ku Chile. Ndalamazo ndizofunika kwambiri pamtengo wamagetsi, kukhala pafupifupi a 50% yotsika mtengo kuposa mtengo woperekedwa ndi malasha.

Ndi lipotilo Mtengo Wokhazikika Wa Mphamvu (Mtengo Wokhazikika pamitundu yamagetsi yamagetsi osiyanasiyana, yopanda chithandizo). Zimapezeka kuti chaka chilichonse, zosinthika ndi zotchipa ndipo zina wamba zimakhala zodula.

Ndipo kachitidwe kake ndi zoposa momveka bwino 😀