Europe bụ mpaghara ụwa nke nwere ikike arụnyere nke ọgbọ ọgbọ hydroelectric, dị ka akụkọ kachasị ọhụrụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị site na Hydtù Hydropower International. Akụkọ ahụ na-ekwu na EU gbasara ihe dịka 260 GW nke atụmatụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke 860-950 GW nke ọgbọ hydroelectric.
Mpaghara ndị ọzọ gosipụtara nke ọma na akụkọ ahụ, gụnyere Eastern Europe. E lebara anya na mpaghara a, nke na-emepe ngwa ngwa mmiri ya ma na-atụ anya na ọ ga-abụ ụwa nwere ọkwa kachasị elu na afọ atọ na-esote. N'ezie, China, nke na-eduga n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia na mmepe mmiri, karịrị US dị ka mba nwere ikike kachasị arụ ọrụ. South America na-etolitekwa ngwa ngwa. Na mgbakwunye, IHA na-eme atụmatụ na enwere 127 ka 150 GW ikike nchịkọta pumped global, na pumped ìgwè ahịa na-atụ anya ka ga-abawanye site na 60% maka afọ ise sochirinụ.
Ke ofụri ofụri, nnukwu hydroelectric osisi toro obi umeala na pasent okwu na 2009, dị ka ndị ọhụrụ Akụkọ REN-21 nke ọnọdụ ụwa nke ume ọhụrụ. Mgbasawanye 3% a bu ihe ama ama n'ihi ntozu oke ike ike na ike. Ọ bụ ezie na iwu akụrụngwa hydroelectric dara na 2009 na 2010 site na 2008, iwu tupu iwu maka 2011 ebilila na atụmanya mmanụ na iwu nke afọ 2010 ga-akarị nke 2000s.
N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, akụkọ REN-21 na-egosi na 31 GW nke ikike hydroelectric nke agbakwunyere na 2009, mepụtara mmụba na ikike niile n'etiti ndị ọrụ ume ọkụ niile. nke abụọ naanị na ike ikuku. Na mgbakwunye, na US ijeri dollar 40-45 etinyegoro na nnukwu osisi hydroelectric n'ime afọ ahụ.
N'ahịa ndị mepere emepe, dịka Europe, ebe ọtụtụ osisi ọkụ eletrik dị afọ iri atọ ma ọ bụ iri anọ, ọrụ na-elekwasị anya na mmeghari ikike na ikike, yana mgbakwunye ọgbọ na dams dị ugbu a. Omume ahịa a hụrụ na 30 na 40 na-akwado usoro a n'ụzọ doro anya, yana akụkọ a na-egosi, ọtụtụ ahịa na-aghọ ebe dị egwu mpaghara.
Isi: Uhie 21
Ihe 2 kwuru, hapụ nke gị
Maka na ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ụzọ ndị ọzọ, anaghị eji ha yana n'ihi na ụlọ akụ na-echekwa ego echeghị banyere ụzọ ndị a, Panama na-emepe ọrụ ebe a na-ekpocha oke ọhịa ma tụfuo ma ọ bụ lie biomass niile, ya bụ, enweghị nzube na ihe niile ihe a nke ruru puku kwuru puku (taa enwere teknụzụ na-enye anyị ohere iji nke a) ma anyị nwere Ngalaba gburugburu ebe obibi. Anyị kwesịrị ịnwe mmemme maka ihe mgbochi (idei mmiri, ọkụ) mmemme maka ọrụ ugbo (fatịlaịza) na nkenke, echere m na anyị na-eji ụzọ kachasị mfe.
Panama, ịbụ obere obodo na ndọtị mpaghara yana nnukwu akụ na ụba na mmepe nwere ohere ole na ole nke ike hydroelectric, nwere ike bụrụ ọghọm n'okwu a ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndị agbata obi nke Central America, mana echere m na ha nwere azịza ya na mkpịsị aka ha, ha adịghị mkpa iji wuo akụrụngwa iji nye ike eletriki, jiri ntakịrị echiche na ilepụ anya n'ọdịnihu site na mkpebi siri ike, ha nwere ike ibubata ike hydroelectric ọnụ ala site na Ecuador site na Colombia ebe m ghọtara na enwere njikọ dị n'etiti Panama na Colombia yana n'etiti Ecuador na Colombia si otú a na-eji netwọk eletrik Colombian -Ecuadorian ike eletrik na-aga nke ọma na Panama ma si otú a Panama ga-enwe nchebe nke inwe ike eletrik zuru ezu ruo ọtụtụ afọ, echere m na site na obere ọhụụ dị mma, enwere ike inye ike eletrik na Central America niile: ọnụ ala na-enweghị mmetọ na-enyere ụwa aka na mmepe nke mba ndị Central America.