Nā meaola biodegradable

Ke alo nei i ka pilikia nui a puni ka honua i loaʻa iā mākou me ka haumia ea, ka mea biodegradable. ʻO lākou nā mea decompose mahalo i ke kōkua o nā mea ola e like me fungi a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe i kū i ke kūlohelohe. Mahalo i kēia, ʻaʻole paʻa lākou i ka honua a i ʻole me nā mea waena ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohaumia. Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana decomposition me nā bacteria e unuhi i nā enzyme a makemake i ka hoʻololi o ka huahana mua i nā mea maʻalahi. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻemi malie ʻia nā microparticle lepo āpau.

No kēia kumu, ʻoiai e lilo ana nā mea biodegradable i mea nui loa, e hoʻolaʻa mākou i kēia ʻatikala e haʻi iā ʻoe i nā mea āpau āu e ʻike ai e pili ana iā lākou.

He aha nā mea biodegradable

Manaʻo ʻia nā meaola biodegradable i kēlā mau mea āpau e decompose ma muli o ke kōkua o fungi a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe i kū i ke kūlohelohe. Ke hoʻouka ʻia kahi mea e ka bacteria, hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana decomposition, ka mea e unuhi i nā enzyme e kōkua i ka hoʻohuli i ka huahana mua i mau mea maʻalahi. ʻO ka pae hope loa e komo iki ana i nā huna lepo mai ka lepo.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, koe wale nō nā mea non-decomposable i ka lepo a luku i ke kaiaolaola a puni. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea synthetic i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe bacteria e hiki ke maʻalahi iā lākou, no laila noho paʻa mau lākou i ka manawa, no laila ke hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua kōkua pū ka holomua ʻepekema iā mākou i kēia kahua, e hana ana i nā meaolaolaola a me nā meaola biodegradable i hiki ke pani i nā mea kahiko a ʻino hoʻi. E pale aku ka hōʻiliʻili o nā hui ʻole biodegradable i ke kūloheloheKe aʻo ʻia nei ʻelua mau hopena: e hoʻohana ana i nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mikena microbial e hiki ke hoʻouka i nā huahana i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole he degradable, a i ʻole ke hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea i hiki ke biodegradable e nā ʻano maʻamau.

I kēia ala, ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea e hana nei i kēlā me kēia lā ma kā mākou honua, a ʻike ʻole ka poʻe he nui, hiki ke hoʻopau hoʻokahi a no nā mea āpau, a hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui paha i kekahi o nā wahī, nā pepa, nā pono, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e kali no kekahi mau makahiki a hiki i ka nalo ʻana o ke kino.

Nā ʻano o nā meaola biodegradable

E nānā ʻo wai nā meaola olaola kaulana a kaulana hoʻi:

Nā lula ea mai ka starch a me ka rai

Ke hana ʻia nei nā meaola biodegradable mai ke kānana a i ʻole ka starch palaoa ma kahi pae hana, no ka laʻana e hana i nā ʻeke ʻōpala. Hiki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o kēia mau lula ke lawe i 6 a 24 mau mahina, lalo honua a i ʻole i loko o ka wai, e pili ana i ka wikiwiki i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka starch.

Pēlā nō, nā meaola biodegradable i hana ʻia mai ka rai a i ʻole nā ​​olonā i paʻa ʻia i hiki ke pani i nā plastics i hoʻokumu ʻia me ka ʻaila. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi o lākou i ka starch rai a hele mai i ke ʻano o nā mea granular i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā pā. Ma ka hoʻololi ke ʻano a me ke kaʻina hana plasticizing, nā ʻano ʻenehana e like me ka density, modulus elastis, ikaika ikaika, hiki ke loaʻa i ka deformation, etc. ʻAno like nā waiwai o kēia mau mea i nā polymers maʻamau o ka petrochemical.

Biodegradable synthetic a me nā plastics kūlohelohe

I kēia hui, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā polym synthetic i hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa kūlohelohe a i ʻole me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ko lākou hoʻohaʻahaʻa. Hoʻopili kēia mau lula ea i nā plastics oxygen-biodegradable a me poly (cap-caprolactone) (PCL). ʻO nā plastics biodegradable oxidative he plastics synthetic, kahi e hoʻohui ʻia ai nā mea hoʻohui kemika e paipai i ka hoʻōniu i ka hoʻohui e hoʻomaka a hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa oxidative e hana i nā huahana biodegradable. ʻO PCL kahi polyester thermoplastic biodegradable a biocompatible i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi lāʻau.

Hana ʻia nā polymers biodegradable kūlohelohe, i kapa ʻia he biopolymers, mai nā kumuwaiwai hou. ʻO kekahi o nā huahana a mākou i ʻōlelo ai e pili pū ana me nā polysaccharides i hana ʻia e nā mea kanu (starch corn, cassava, etc.), polyester hua mai la e nā microorganisms (ʻo ka nui o nā bacteria), nā pehu kūlohelohe, a pēlā aku.

Ka pepa a me nā lole maoli

Hoʻohana mākou i ka pepa i kekahi ʻano i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā, a hiki ke lilo i mea biodegradable. ʻO lākou paha nā kāwele pepa, nā kāwele, nā puke nūpepa, nā nūpepa, nā leka leka, nā ʻeke pepa kraft, nā loaʻa, nā tikika kaʻa, nā pā pepa a me nā kīʻaha, nā palapala a me nā noi., a i ʻole nā ​​ʻatikala kōkua. ʻOiai ua puni mākou i ka pepa, no ke aha e hoʻohana hou ʻole ai?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kuapo i nā lole i hana ʻia mai nā kemikela kaulana a me ka pulupulu, ka jute, ka lilina, ka hulu hipa, a me nā lole silika. Ma waho aʻe o ka siliki, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā lole kūlohelohe, ʻoluʻolu e komo, a me ka hanu. ʻAʻole like me nā lole synthetic, biodegradable nā ​​lole maoli a ʻaʻole pono e hana i kahi kaʻina synthetic. ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi he nui o kēia mau huahana e wāwahi maʻalahi lākou a ʻaʻole hana i nā huahana ʻona. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, nylon, polyester, lycra, etc. Hana ʻia lākou e ka hana synthetic a he lole non-biodegradable.

Nā mea maikaʻi o nā meaola biodegradable

Nui a maikaʻi nā pono i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaola biodegradable. E nānā pehea lākou:

• ʻAʻole hana i nā ʻōpala: ʻO lākou nā mea kūlohelohe āpau i hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia e nā microorganism me ka ʻole o ka paʻakikī, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻohana ai wau iā lākou e hana i kaʻu pōʻaiapuni ola. No laila, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopuka i nā ʻōpala no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e noho i ka landfill a i ʻole landfill no ka lōʻihi.
• ʻAʻole hana i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā landfills: He hopena maikaʻi loa ia i nā pilikia ākea e kū nei i nā landfill, ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea biodegradable ʻole.
• Maʻalahi lākou e hana a hoʻohana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ʻaneʻane i nā mea āpau me nā mea biodegradable me ka hōʻemi ʻole i ka maikaʻi.
• ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻino: ʻaʻole ʻae ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaola biodegradable i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea ʻē aʻe e koi ana i ka nui o ka ikehu a me ka hoʻohaumia.
• Māmā lākou i ka hana hou: hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia lākou a ʻaʻole koi i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī no kā lākou mālama ʻana.
• He mea kū i ke au: He mākeke kēia e piʻi nei a nui aʻe ka ʻike e pili ana iā ia.
• ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻohaumia: Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kā lākou ʻōpala, loaʻa i nā mea biodegradable ka hopena liʻiliʻi i ka ʻāina a me ke kaiaola.
• Hana iā ʻoe e kākoʻo hou aku: He ala nani ia e hana ai i mua o ke kūlohelohe a me ke ola ʻoiai mākou e hāʻawi nei i ka mālama o ke kaiapuni a ke kōkua nei mākou e hana i kahi hoʻomohala hoʻomau.

Lana koʻu manaʻo me kēia ʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā meaola biodegradable a me ko lākou ʻano.