Hoʻohana ʻo Kina lānahu e like me wahie i ka hapa nui o kāna ʻoihana. ʻO ia ka mea kūʻai nui o ka lanahu o ka honua. Mahalo i kēia, kāna hana hoʻokele a me kāna hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākeke he mea kupaianaha. ʻO ka hoʻokūkū Kina kahi hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoihana hoʻokele waiwai o ka honua.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole nā mea āpau ka ulu a me ka maikaʻi. Hana ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o ka lānahu ka haumia ea i Kina kiʻekiʻe loa ia. Ua piʻi i luna i nā waiwai i ʻoi ʻia e ke kānāwai e pono i nā kamaʻāina e ʻaahu i nā pale maka i hiki ke hele i waho a ʻaʻole hanu i ka ea ʻino. I kēia hopena pule ua nui loa ka haumia a lākou i ʻike ai Ua hoʻokau ʻia e pani i ke kahua mokulele ʻo Tianjin a me nā alaloa no kekahi mau hola o ke kūlanakauhale i ʻōlelo ʻia e hōʻalo i nā ulia pōpilikia.
No ke aha ka nui o ka haumia?
Hoʻopilikia ka haumia ea i nā kūlanakauhale ma muli o kekahi o nā ʻano meteorological e like me ka nui o ka lā e pā i ka ʻilikai, ke ʻano o ka makani, nā ua, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻohana ka ʻili o ka honua ma mua o ka ea e holo i ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ia ke kumu e piʻi ai ka ea wela, e emi ana ka lahilahi. I nā lā ke kiʻekiʻe ka mahana ma luna o ka honua a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe, piʻi nā mea hoʻokuʻu haumia a paʻa ʻole i ke kūlanakauhale, no laila mea ʻemi liʻiliʻi i ke olakino.
ʻO kekahi kūlana e ʻike ai mākou iā mākou iho i nā kūlanakauhale he mau lā makani. Inā lākou e puhi i ka makani o ka makani e kōkua i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka haumia, e hiki i Kina ke hanu i nā ea haumia keu. No laila he aha ka mea i hana i kēia hopena pule e kiʻekiʻe ai ka haumia? ʻĀ, inā he mau lā ʻōpua, nā lā kahi o ka lā i hoʻopili iki ai i ka ʻili o ka honua a i ʻole nā lā i ʻino loa ai ka ʻokoʻa o nā mahana i ke ao, kapa ʻia ka hanana hoʻohuli wela. ʻO ia, ua piʻi wikiwiki ka ea wela mai luna a i ʻole ʻaʻole kokoke ia i ka ʻili o ka honua a no laila ua anuanu ke anuanu. ʻO kēlā mau lā ke hoʻomalu ka ea anuanu i ka ʻili o nā kūlanakauhale, ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻaʻole ia e ala aʻe a hana i kahi o kūpaʻa lewa i kahi e hei ai nā mea haumia. No kēia mau kumu, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka haumia ma Kina ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole ʻia o ka ua a me nā mea haumia o ka makani.
Nā ana i ka hoʻohaumia
Pekina, Tianjin a me iwakālua mau kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe i loko Ala ʻulaʻula (ʻo ka makaʻala hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa) ma muli o ka nui o nā huna wai haumia i ke kaiapuni i hiki ke hanu ʻia e nā kamaʻāina. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i ka Pōʻakolu ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa iho, no laila ua pani ʻia lākou mau tausani hale hana, hana, ua hana ʻia nā kapu kapu a ua hoʻomaha ʻia nā papa ma nā kula haʻahaʻa.
I kēia manawa, ʻo Tianjin ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka smog. ʻO kēia smog i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haumia e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka ʻike maka a no laila ua koi ʻia nā kahua mokulele e pani I loko o nā hola i pani ʻia ke kahua mokulele ua hōʻoki ʻia lākou ma kahi o 131 mau mokulele.
Nā palena hoʻohaumia e like me ka WHO
ʻAʻole aʻoaʻo ka World Health Organization (WHO) e noho ma mua o 24 mau hola i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā concentrations ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 micrograms i kēlā me kēia cubic mika o nā huna poloka o ka nui 2,5 millimeter (i kapa ʻia ʻo PM2,5) mai ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi anawaena liʻiliʻi hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i ka alveoli pulmonary a hana i nā pilikia hanu a me ka maʻi puʻuwai.
Eia naʻe, i loko o kēia hopena pule ua ʻoi aku ka palena i ʻae ʻia e ka WHO, ʻoi aku i ka 1.000 huna huna no ka mika cubic. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe o ka haumia kiʻekiʻe loa lākou e koi aku ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻalele i ka hale a pani i nā puka a me nā puka aniani a pau.
E noʻonoʻo pono ʻoe e noho i ke kūlanakauhale kahi kiʻekiʻe loa ka haumia i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i kou home. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻemi ʻia ai nā mea haumia o ka lewa i nā kānaka ʻelua a me ka Honua.
ʻO kahi manaʻo, waiho i kāu
Wahi a kāna ʻatikala, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka nui o ka palena o 25 micrograms i kēlā me kēia mika cubic i ʻoi. Pono ia he nui a manaʻo wau ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 1000 mau kikoʻī ma ka mika cubic. ʻO kēia kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā micrograms! Akā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻōlelo i ka nui o ka palena o 25 micrograms i kēlā me kēia mika cubic ...? Manaʻo wau he 1000 micrograms kēlā me kēia mika cubic ʻaʻole 1000 mau huna.