Abin takaici, a yau mafi yawan kuzarin da ake amfani da su sune Ba-sabuntawaWaɗanda suka zo daga albarkatun duniya waɗanda zasu ƙare da ƙarewa. Abubuwan burbushin halittu kamar kwal, iskar gas ko mai sune ainihin tushen makamashi da mutane ke amfani da shi.
Koyaya, akwai wasu nau'ikan kuzari kamar iska, biomass, geothermal a tsakanin wasu, sa'ar da suke samun karin kasa. Nan gaba zamuyi magana akan Photovoltaic Hasken rana: menene shi, yadda ake kirkirar sa da kuma waɗanne aikace-aikace yake dashi.
MENENE ENARFIN FULATOLTAKA?
La hasken rana Yana da ɗayan da ke amfani da raɗaɗin ƙwayoyin hasken rana don samar da makamashi. Yana da wani cikakken tsabtaccen tushen makamashi, wanda baya buƙatar amfani da halayen sunadarai ko haifar da kowane irin sharar gida. Bugu da kari, makamashi ne mai sabuntawa. Energyarfin rana zai kasance har abada, ko kuma aƙalla na biliyoyin shekaru masu zuwa. A takaice, shi ne mai tsabta, mai ɗorewa da sabunta makamashi. Kuma babbar tambaya itace: Me yasa ba'a kara shuka shi ba? Abubuwan mutane (Lobbies).
Kamar yadda muke faɗa, da Photovoltaic Hasken rana Shine wanda yake canza hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki. Amma ta yaya wannan canjin yake faruwa? Ta yaya ake samar da makamashin hasken rana na photovoltaic?
YAYA AKE SAMUN YANZU A FILI FOTOOLOLTAIC ENERGY?
La Photovoltaic Hasken rana ya dogara ne akan ka'idar cewa makamashi kunshi cikin barbashin haske (da fotos) za a iya tuba zuwa wutar lantarki. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar abin da ake kira tsari na canza photovoltaic, wanda zamu magance shi daga baya.
A magana gabaɗaya, abin da ke faruwa shi ne, ta amfani da na'urar da aka keɓe ta musamman don wannan dalili, ita wutar lantarki godiya ga tasirin hoto na hasken rana. Gabaɗaya waɗannan na'urori suna ƙunshe da ƙananan ƙarfe mai haɓaka wanda ke karɓar sunan tantanin halitta ko plate.
Sakamakon wannan tsari na canza photovoltaic, aka samu makamashi a ƙananan ƙananan (tsakanin 380 da 800 V) kuma a halin yanzu kai tsaye. Daga baya a mai saka jari don canza shi zuwa m halin yanzu.
Ana kiran na'urori inda waɗannan ƙwayoyin photovoltaic suke hasken rana Kuma, don amfanin kanku ko na iyali, yawanci suna da farashin kusan Yuro 7.000 (kodayake farashin ya faɗi kuma yana faɗuwa sosai). Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan shigarwar suna da fa'idar da suke buƙatar kusan babu kulawa. Tabbas, idan kuna son kara girman ayyukansu, dole ne a girka su a inda ya dace (inda akwai awanni masu yawa na rana) kuma tare da sanyawa da daidaiton da ya dace.
Matsayin amfani da makamashin hasken rana na photovoltaic ya yi ƙasa da abin da aka samar ta albarkatu kamar mai ko gas, kuma yana da ƙari ko lessasa a daidai matakin da ake amfani da shi kamar makamashin iska (gwargwadon yanayin yankin, ba shakka). Koyaya, amfani da shi yana ƙaruwa kuma a zamanin yau an riga anyi amfani dashi a yankuna daban daban, kamar yadda zamu iya gani a sashe na gaba.
AMFANIN GAGARAU NA FARKO PHOTOVOLTAIC
- Babban amfani da makamashin hasken rana na photovoltaic yana da alaƙa da ikonta na canza wannan ƙarfin daga rana zuwa makamashin lantarki. A wannan ma'anar, akwai nau'ikan amfani daban-daban. A gefe ɗaya, ana iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar ɗimbin ƙarfin da aka sayar wa kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki. A gefe guda, ana iya amfani da shi daban-daban ko tare da iyali, ma'ana, don samar da kuzari a gida. Mutane da yawa suna girka bangarori masu amfani da hasken rana a saman rufin don amfani da hasken rana azaman madadin makamashi.
- Wani babban amfani da makamashin hasken rana na photovoltaic zai iya samu shine cewa zai iya samar da makamashi a cikin waɗannan shafuka masu wahalar shiga ko kuma inda suke da wahalar samun wutar lantarki, ma'ana, waɗancan wurare masu ƙididdigar ƙarancin ci gaba inda ba su da hanyoyin layin wutar lantarki.
- Hakanan, makamashin hasken rana yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samar da tauraron dan adam waɗanda suke cikin kewayar sararin samaniya Tabbas dukkanmu munga hoton wadannan tauraron dan adam, wadanda suke da bangarorin hasken rana a tsarinsu don cin gajiyar makamashin da rana take bayarwa a sararin samaniya.
- Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wutar lantarki don tsarin samar da matasan na kuzari, wato, waɗanda ke haɗa makamashin hasken rana da iska, ko makamashin hasken rana da albarkatun ƙasa.
- Aƙarshe, kodayake mutane da yawa basu san shi ba, makamashin hasken rana yana aiki don samar da makamashi wanda ake amfani dashi a yankuna daban daban: Wayar hannu. masu maimaita rediyo da talabijin, sandunan SOS na hanya, sarrafa nesa, sarrafa nesa don hanyoyin ban ruwa, telemetry, radars, radiotelephony gabaɗaya kuma don sakonnin soja ko na gandun daji, wayar tarho ta ƙauye, telewaves, rumfunan tarho don amfanin jama'a, sauyawa, hanyoyin haɗin rediyo