Kwanan nan aka buga ta Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Turai daftarin aiki mai taken Sabunta makamashi a cikin Turai 2017. Haɓaka kwanan nan da tasirin bugawa, wanda babban ci gaban da aka samu a cikin Ƙarfafawa da karfin a cikin Tarayyar Turai a 2014.
Hakanan, wannan binciken yana so ya amsa ko ƙaruwa da sabunta kuzari a Turai a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ya ba da gudummawa ga raguwar hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da kuma amfani da makamashi a cikin Turai, ban da kwatanta ci gaban kuzarin sabuntawa a wasu yankuna na duniya.
Kasashe masu karfin kuzari a Turai
A halin yanzu, sabuntawar kuzari sun zama Babban dan wasa a cikin kasuwar makamashi ta Turai. A cikin 2013, rabon ƙarfin kuzari a amfani da makamashi na ƙarshe ya tashi daga 15% zuwa 16% a cikin 2014, kuma bisa ga sabon bayanan EUROSTAT, a 2015 ya kai 16,7%. Wadannan ƙididdigar sun bambanta sosai tsakanin ƙasashe. Misali, kasashen Nordic kamar Finland ko Sweden suna kusan 30%, kuma Luxembourg ko Malta suna kusa da 5%.
Fastarfafa sabuntawa cikin sauri cikin Turai
Amfani da zafi
Babban maƙasudin ƙarfin kuzari shine amfani da thermal. A cikin 2014, kuzari masu sabuntawa suna wakiltar kashi 18% na duk amfanin makamashi na ƙarshe don waɗannan dalilai. Kodayake tun 2005 duka gas da fanfunan zafi na yau da kullun sun sami girma sosai. Kodayake biomass har yanzu shine babban makamashi mai sabuntawa ta wannan hanyar.
Akwai ƙasashen da amfani da ɗumbin hanyoyin sabunta hanyoyin da aka wakilta a cikin 2014 sama da kashi 50% na duka amfani na ƙarshe na ƙarfin kuzari, kasashe kamar Finland, Faransa, Poland, Sweden, da sauransu.
Iska da makamashi na photovoltaic
Amma ga wutar lantarki wanda aka samo daga albarkatun ƙasa, kasuwa ce ta biyu don ƙarfin kuzari. Da iska ta teku kamar teku (teku), da kuma photovoltaic. Kimanin kashi 28% na dukkan wutar da aka cinye a shekarar 2014 a duk cikin Tarayyar Turai na da asali na sabuntawa, kuma kasashe hudu ne kawai ke cikin rukunin da ke da fiye da rabin wutar da suke amfani da shi daga kafofin da ake sabuntawa, daga cikinsu akwai Spain.
Man Fetur
Game da bangaren sufuri, sune asali biofuels, wadannan suna wakiltar kusan kashi 90% na rabon sabuntawar a cikin sashen. Kodayake, duk lokacin da kuke ci karin kasancewar wutar lantarki don amfani da motsi.
Ba dole ba ne Tarayyar Turai ta saki jiki na yini guda, a kowane ɗayan bangarorin ukun da aka ambata, don iya yin aiki da Kafa burin na ƙarfin kuzari zuwa shekarar 2020.
Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda yana da alaƙa da ragewa Iskar hayaki mai gurbata muhalli zuwa yanayi da rage amfani da burbushin mai, yawanci kwal da gas, tunda kamar mai ana amfani dashi galibi a ɓangaren sufuri kuma shine daidai inda sabuntawa basu da mahimmanci, kodayake ana tsammanin wannan zai canza a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
Sanin iska
Zuba jari don ayyukan sabunta makamashi
A ƙarshe ya nuna cewa zuba jari wanda aka aiwatar dashi cikin ayyukan sabunta makamashi ya bada damar ninka karfin aiki da aka shigar dashi 2 tsakanin 2005 da 2015.
Yankuna kamar Asiya, Oceania, Brazil, China da Indiya sune inda aka bayyana ci gaban wannan. A kasar Sin, ikon da aka girka ya rubanya ninki hudu a wannan lokacin da aka ambata, kasancewa jagora a cikin hasken rana photovoltaic da iska.
A ƙasa zamu iya ganin misalin saka hannun jari a ƙasarmu a nan gaba
110 megawatt hasken rana na daukar hoto SuperPark a Guillena (Seville)
A cewar BOE na Afrilu 17, Renovables de Sevilla SL yana da yarda ikonsu na doka, fasaha da tattalin arziki don aiwatar da aikin. Takaddar takaddar ta bayyana cewa Chamberungiyar Kula da Kula da Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci ta hasasa ta bayar rahoto mai kyau, wanda Hukumar Daraktoci ta amince da shi a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 2017.
Wannan shigarwar zata sami ƙarshe 110,4 MW, zai zama gina a cikin gundumomin Salteras da Guillena, a cikin lardin Seville.
Layin fitarwa na sama (a 220 kV) yana da asalin maɓallin gidan wuta na 220/20 kV na shigarwar photovoltaic, yana gudana akan hanyarsa zuwa matattarar Salteras na 220 kV, mallakar Red Eléctrica de España, kuma zai sami tsayin da bai wuce kilomita 10 ba. Babban Daraktan Manufofin Makamashi da Ma'adanai ya ayyana «na amfanin jama'a"Wannan layin.
Kamfanin cewa zai ci gaba Aikin shine Ansasol na Mutanen Espanya, wanda yake bayani akan gidan yanar gizon sa (ansasol.de/en) «Yana da kwangilar zaɓin haya wanda aka sanya hannu tare da tsawon shekaru 31, mai faɗaɗa na tsawon shekaru 12 ».
Wurin da aka zaɓa (Guillena) yana da matsakaita na shekara shekara (0º) na awanni 1.805 na kilowatt a kowace murabba'in mita. Ansasol yayi kiyasin samar da awanni megawatt 177.000 a shekara, kwatankwacin awowi 1.603 na kilowatt a kololuwar kilowatt.