Daya daga cikin ilimin kimiyya da ke samar da ci gaban fasaha sosai a cikin al'umma shine ilimin kimiyya. Ilimin kimiyya ne mai tasowa wanda, tabbas, yana ƙara zama a bakin kowa. Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin ilimin da har yanzu ya kasance game da abin da yake yi, abin da ake yi ko abin da yake karantawa, akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda har yanzu ba su san shi ba. Wannan shine abinda muke a yau.
A cikin wannan labarin zamuyi bayanin menene ilimin kimiyyar kere kere da kuma wane fanni yake karantawa.
Menene ilimin kere-kere
Ilimin kimiyyar kere kere kimiyya ne da yake kokarin ta hanyoyi da dama don fahimtar yadda wasu abubuwa suke aiki. Yana da wahala a sami tabbataccen bayani game da shi. Ta wata hanyar da ta fi dacewa, ana iya cewa kimiyyar kere-kere ita ce kimiyyar da ke nazarin yadda ake sarrafa wasu dabarun da ke taimakawa wajen gyara kwayoyin halittu. Wannan, ma'amala da DNA dinsu, gyaran halaye, hanyoyin haifuwa, dss.
Game da aikace-aikacen wasu ƙa'idodi ne kimiyya da injiniyanci zasu iya magance wasu kayan ƙwayoyi da kayan abinci. Wadannan kayan suna da tasiri kai tsaye kan tsarin muhalli kuma ana iya gyara su don samar da kaya da aiyuka. A gefe guda, dole ne a tabbatar da cewa ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere aikace-aikace ne na fasaha a cikin halittu masu rai ko danginsu. Ana nufin gyara wasu samfuran halittu ko matakai don amfani dasu a wani takamaiman filin.
A taƙaice, game da amfani da injunan nazarin halittu tare da ƙwayoyin rai don samar da sabis masu amfani ga ɗan adam. Waɗannan sabis na iya ɗaukar wani ɓangare na magunguna, masana'antu ko filayen abinci. Ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere yana da fannoni da yawa wadanda ake hada batutuwa daban-daban, gami da kimiyyar ilimin halitta. Misali, muna cikin fannoni kamar kwayar halitta, ƙirar ƙirar halitta, da kuma nazarin halittu. Hakanan ya zama dole a san sauran fannonin da suka shafi ilmin sunadarai da kimiyyar lissafi.
Menene don
Yanzu da yake mun san menene fasahar kere-kere, zamu tattauna game da aikace-aikacen da yake da su a rayuwa ta ainihi. Wannan ilimin kimiyya yana da fannoni da yawa na aikace-aikace. Ta amfani da wannan fasaha, masana kimiyya da masu bincike zasu iya amfani da abin da ake kira "fasahar ilimin halittu" wanda halittu ke da shi don ayyuka daban-daban.
An faɗi koyaushe cewa jikinmu yana aiki kamar yana da inji inda aka tsara komai da atomatik. Ba lallai bane kuyi tunani game narkewar abinci da wucewar abinci zuwa jini, jiki yana yin ta da kansa. Ta wannan hanyar, ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere yana kokarin alakanta aikace-aikacensa da magani, kantin magani da aikin gona. Misali, a harkar noma za a iya samun amfanin gona mai yawa ta hanyar sauya kwayoyin halittar da ke sa su zama masu saurin fuskantar wasu yanayi na muhalli.
Zamu iya amfani da wani bangare na kwayoyin halittar tumatir wanda zai sa ya zama mai saurin sanyi don haka zai iya bunkasa a mafi yanayin yanayin yanayin zafi. A gefe guda, a masana'antar abinci ko kuma a cikin lamuran muhalli, yana yiwuwa a sami sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, wasu tsarin don magance wasu sharar gida kamar takin zamani da kuma kawar da gurbatar yanayi.
Ilimin kimiyyar kere kere yana da amfani ga duk wannan. Kawai gwada neman sabbin kantuna don inganta ayyukan ayyuka waɗanda a yau ake buƙatar sake fasalin su. Productionarin samarwa, ingantaccen rayuwa da ƙarancin haɗarin lafiya.
Nau'oin kimiyyar kere kere
Don rarraba kimiyyar kere-kere, zamu kalli yankin da ake ba da sabis ɗin. An rarraba su bisa ga lambar launi. Mun haɗu da waɗannan nau'ikan ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere:
Kayan kimiyyar kere-kere
Wannan bangare ya maida hankali ne kan tsarin aikin gona. Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, ana iya samun tsire-tsire masu tasiri da albarkatu. Waɗannan kayayyakin suna nufin cewa sun gyara DNA. Suna da ikon gabatar da wasu sabbin abubuwa da fa'idodi dangane da sauran samfuran da ba'a canza su ba. Misali, zasu iya yin girma a yanayin yanayi wanda ba zai dace da su ba kuma zai iya dacewa da kwari da cututtuka. Wannan yana rage farashin samarwa kuma yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan sakamako tare da kyakkyawan riba.
Fasahar kere-kere
Wannan bangare na kimiyyar kere-kere har yanzu yana ci gaba. Koyaya, an mai da hankali kan yanayin ruwa da na ruwa. Ana sa ran samun babban gudummawa a cikin kiwon kifin, abinci, kiwon lafiya da kayan kwalliya.
Fasa ilimin kimiyar kere-kere
Wannan nau'ikan kimiyyar kere-kere ne da ke da nufin kiyaye halittu masu yawa. Makasudin shine don kawar da gurɓataccen ƙasa wanda ke haifar da asarar nau'ikan halittu da rarrabuwa na mahalli na asali. Wannan nau'ikan yana da nasaba da tsarin gyara halittu wanda ake amfani da tsirrai da kananan halittu don ragewa da kuma kawar da abubuwan da suke cutar da muhalli.
Red ilimin kimiyya
Wannan nau'in shine wanda aka yi amfani dashi don inganta kayan aikin likita. Tare da shi, samar da maganin rigakafi daga kwayoyin daban-daban na iya inganta. Wannan yana taimaka mana inganta alluran rigakafi da magunguna don inganta maganin wasu cututtuka.
Tsarin aikin kere kere na masana'antu
Manufar wannan reshe ita ce ƙirƙirar samfuran suna kaskantar da kai cikin sauki kuma suna cinye makamashi kadan. Rage kuzarin da aka yi amfani da shi yana da mahimmanci don adana albarkatun ƙasa da rage gurɓata. Wannan ilimin kimiyyar kere-kere yana da alaka da wanda ke kokarin inganta muhalli da kiyaye shi.
Misali, ana amfani da shi a masana'antar masaku don kada a sami karancin shara a cikin kayan. Baya ga ire-iren wadannan kimiyyar kere-kere akwai wasu karin masu launuka daban-daban amma basu yadu sosai ba tunda ilimin kimiyya ne ke aiki.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Kodayake duk abubuwan da aka ambata a sama suna da fa'idodi ne kawai, ya zama dole kuma a bayyana wasu rashin dacewar wannan fasaha na iya samu. Daga cikin waɗannan raunin da muka lissafa:
- Haɗari ga mahalli kamar daidaitawa da kwari zuwa gubobi daban-daban ko asarar halittar halittu.
- Wasu haɗarin lafiya, kamar yadda za'a iya ƙirƙirar sababbin gubobi.
- Rage aiki a wurare da yawa. Fiye da duka, abin da ya fi shafa shi ne aikin gona saboda sabuntawar kowane tsari.
Ina fatan cewa da wannan bayanin ya zama karara yake menene fasahar kere-kere.