A cikin labaran da suka gabata munyi nazari sosai kuzari kuzari da duk abin da ya shafe shi. A wannan halin, zamu ci gaba da horo kuma mu ci gaba da karatu makamashi na inji. Wannan nau'in makamashi shine aikin jiki. Ana iya canza shi tsakanin sauran jikin. Za'a iya cewa shi ne adadin kuzarin kuzari wanda motsawar jiki ya samar, tare da ƙarfin mai na roba da / ko na ƙarfin ji. Wannan makamashi ana samar dashi ne ta hanyar mu'amala da jikkuna dangane da matsayin da kowannensu yake dashi.
A cikin wannan rubutun zaku koyi duk abin da ya danganci makamashin inji, daga yadda yake aiki zuwa yadda ake lissafa shi da kuma amfanin sa. Kuna so ku koya game da shi? Ci gaba da karatu 🙂
Bayani kan kuzarin inji
Don sauƙaƙa fahimta, bari mu ɗauki misali. Bari muyi tunanin wani abu wanda aka jefa daga nesa daga kasa. Wannan abin zai iya daukar kuzarin karfi na baya saboda yana motsi. Yayinda yake ci gaba, yana samun saurin ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfin gravitational idan aka ɗaga shi sama da matakin ƙasa. Bari mu dauki jefa kwalliya a matsayin misali.
La'akari da cewa hannunmu yana aiki akan ball, yana canza masa kuzari domin ya motsa. A wannan misalin zamuyi la'akari dashi maras dacewa gogayya da iska Ko kuma hakan zai sanya lissafi da koyon ma'anar su zama masu wahala. Lokacin da aka jefa kwallon kuma tana cikin iska, tana dauke da kuzari wanda ke ingiza shi zuwa ga motsawa da kuma karfin karfin da zai ja shi zuwa kasa saboda an daukaka shi.
Dole ne koyaushe a tuna cewa muna ƙarƙashin ƙarfin nauyi. Nauyin ƙasa yana tura mu zuwa ƙasa tare da hanzari na mita 9,8 a kowane dakika biyu. Duk karfin da yake mu'amala da kwallon yana da saurin sauri, hanzari, da kuma hanya. Sabili da haka, ƙarfin inji shine sakamakon duka kuzari.
Rukunin ma'aunin makamashi, a tsarin tsarin duniya, shine joule.
Tsarin tsari
Ga masana ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, lissafin kuzarin inji ana fassara shi zuwa jimlar kuzarin kuzari da karfin gravitational. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar dabara:
Em = Ec + Ep
Inda Em yake da kuzarin inji, Ec mai motsa jiki kuma Ep mai yuwuwa. Mun ga dabara mai kuzari a cikin wani sakon. Idan mukayi magana game da karfin kuzari, muna magana ne game da sakamakon yawan lokacin tsawo da nauyi. Yawaitar waɗannan raka'a yana nuna mana ƙarfin kuzarin abu.
Ka'idar kiyaye makamashi
Malamai koyaushe suna ta maimaitawa akai-akai cewa makamashi ba'a halicce shi ba kuma ba'a lalata shi ba, amma canzawa. Wannan ya kawo mu ga ka'idar kiyaye makamashi.
Lokacin da makamashin inji ya fito daga keɓaɓɓen tsarin (wanda babu jayayya a ciki) bisa ƙarfi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya (wanda ke kiyaye kuzarin inji na tsarin) sakamakonsa zai dauwama. A wani halin kuma, kuzarin jiki zai kasance mai ƙarfi muddin canjin ya faru ne kawai a yanayin kuzari ba cikin ƙimarsa ba. Wannan shine, idan makamashi ya canza daga canzawa zuwa iyawa ko zuwa na inji.
Misali, idan muka jefa kwallon a tsaye tana da dukkan karfi da kuzari a daidai lokacin hawan. Koyaya, lokacin da ta kai matsayinta mafi girma, ana tsayar dashi ba tare da wata ƙaura ba, zai sami ƙarfin ƙarfin walwala ne kawai. A wannan yanayin, ana kiyaye makamashi, amma a cikin yanayi mai yuwuwa.
Ana iya bayyana wannan ragin ta hanyar lissafi tare da lissafin:
Em = Ec + Ep = akai
Misalan motsa jiki
Don samar muku da ingantacciyar koyarwar wannan nau'in makamashi, zamu kawo wasu misalai na motsa jiki kuma zamu warware su mataki-mataki. A cikin waɗannan tambayoyin za mu haɗa da nau'ikan makamashi daban-daban waɗanda muka gani zuwa yanzu.
- Duba wani zaɓi mara kyau:
- a) kuzarin kuzari shine kuzarin da jiki yake dashi, saboda yana cikin motsi.
- b) Ana iya cewa karfin karfin gravitational shine kuzarin da jiki yake da shi saboda yana a wani tsayi sama da doron ƙasa.
- c) energyarin kuzarin ƙarfin jiki na kowa ne, koda da bayyanar gogayya.
- d) Jimlar kuzarin sararin samaniya tabbatacce ne, kuma ana iya canza shi daga wani nau'i zuwa wancan; duk da haka, ba za a iya ƙirƙira shi ko halakarwa ba.
- e) Lokacin da jiki ke da kuzarin kuzari, zai iya yin aiki.
A wannan yanayin, zaɓi mara kyau shine na ƙarshe. Ba a yin aikin ta hanyar abin da ke da kuzarin kuzariAmma jikin da ya baku wannan ƙarfin. Bari mu koma ga misalin ƙwallo. Ta hanyar jefa shi cikin iska, mu ne waɗanda ke yin aikin don ba ta ƙarfin kuzari don motsawa.
- Bari mu ce motar bas mai nauyin m tana tafiya akan hanyar dutse kuma tana sauka ta tsayi h. Direban bas din ya ci gaba da taka birki don kaucewa yin karo-karo. Wannan yana kiyaye saurin motar koda koda motar tana saukowa. La'akari da waɗannan sharuɗɗan, nuna idan gaskiya ne ko ƙarya:
- Bambancin kuzarin kuzarin motar ba komai.
- Ana adana makamashin inji na tsarin bas-Duniya, tunda saurin bas din na tsawwala.
- Jimlar makamashi na tsarin bas-Duniya ana kiyaye shi, kodayake wani ɓangare na ƙarfin inji yana canzawa zuwa makamashi na ciki.
Amsar wannan darasi ita ce V, F, V. Wato, zaɓi na farko gaskiya ne. Idan muka tafi zuwa tsarin samar da kuzarin karfi zamu iya ganin cewa idan saurin yana tafiya, karfin kuzarin zai ci gaba da tafiya. Ba'a kiyaye makamashin inji, tunda ƙarfin gravitational yana ci gaba da bambanta lokacin saukowa daga tsayi. Na karshen gaskiya ne, tunda ƙarfin abin cikin cikin abin hawa yana girma don kiyaye motsi da motsi.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wadannan misalai zaku iya koyo da kyau game da kuzarin kere-kere kuma ku ci jarabawa ta zahiri da ke biyan mutane da yawa many