Idan muna so mu fara ajiya a kan kudin wutar lantarki dole ne mu koya lissafin wutar lantarki muna bukata a cikin gidanmu. Yanke shawarar wannan ikon yana da rikitarwa da farko amma, a cikin dogon lokaci, zai iya taimakawa adana mai yawa kuma ya fitar da ƙananan abubuwan gurɓatawa a cikin yanayi. Idan muka sami kwangilar wutar lantarki kasa da yadda ake bukata, al'ada ce ga Canja ikon Wuta (ICP) kuma an katse wutar lantarki na wani lokaci. Wannan shine abin da aka fi sani da suna "tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle".
Saboda haka, idan baku so hakan ya faru da ku, a cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku yadda ake yin lissafin ƙarfin lantarki.
Menene wutar lantarki
Powerarfi shine adadin kuzarin da ake samarwa ko cinyewa kowane sashi na lokaci. Ana iya auna wannan lokacin a cikin dakika, mintuna, awoyi, kwanaki ... kuma ana auna ƙarfin a cikin joules ko watts.
Thearfin da ake samarwa ta hanyar hanyoyin lantarki yana auna ƙarfin samar da aiki, ma'ana, kowane nau'i na "ƙoƙari". Don fahimtar sa da kyau, bari mu sanya misalai masu sauƙi na aiki: dumama ruwa, motsa ƙwanƙunnin fan, samar iska, motsi, da dai sauransu. Duk wannan yana buƙatar aikin da ke sarrafawa don shawo kan ƙungiyoyin adawa, ƙarfi kamar nauyi, ƙarfin gogayya da ƙasa ko iska, yanayin zafi da ya riga ya kasance a cikin muhalli ... kuma wannan aikin yana cikin sigar makamashi (wutar lantarki, thermal, na inji ...).
Alaƙar da aka kafa tsakanin kuzari da ƙarfi ita ce yawan kuzarin da yake cinyewa. Wato, yadda ake auna kuzari a cikin joules da ake cinyewa a kowane sashi na lokaci. Kowane joule da ake cinyewa a cikin dakika daya watt (watt) ne, saboda haka wannan shine ma'aunin ma'aunin ƙarfi. Tun da watt ƙaramin yanki ne, ana amfani da kilowatts (kW) galibi. Lokacin da kuka ga lissafin wutar lantarki, kayan aiki da sauransu, za su shigo kW.
Yi lissafin wutar lantarki don kwangila
Kamar yadda muka ambata a farkon labarin, idan muna da kwangilar wutar lantarki ƙasa da abin da muke buƙata, za mu yi samun matsaloli tare da samarda wutar lantarki ci gaba. A gefe guda, yanayin na iya faruwa wanda ƙarfin lantarki da muke da shi ya fi abin da muke buƙata da gaske. Kodayake ICP ba za ta tsallake ba, za mu biya abin da ya wuce kuɗin lantarki. Kamar yadda kowane mabukaci na iya canza ikon kwangila a kowane lokaci, yana da mahimmanci don koyon lissafin wutar lantarki da muke buƙata.
Don yin wannan, dole ne mu binciki iyakar ikon rajista a cikin gida a cikin 'yan watannin nan kuma mu ga cikin waɗancan watanni akwai buƙata mafi girma ko ƙasa. Ba lallai ba ne don haɓaka halaye masu amfani, amma don daidaita aikin haya zuwa namu. Misali, idan mabukaci ya yi kwangila ƙarfin 5.5kW kuma matsakaicin da aka kai yayin watannin baya bai wuce 4.5kW na yuwuwa ba, ana iya rage kwangilar zuwa 4.4kW don cimma ajiya a lissafin wutar lantarki har zuwa 38.34%.
Amfani da kayan aikin gida
Kamar yadda ba duk kayan lantarki suke cin makamashi iri ɗaya ba, yana da mahimmanci a san ƙari ko ƙarancin amfani da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su. A zahiri, ana amfani da adadi mai yawa na kayan lantarki yau da kullun a cikin gida, duk da haka, waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin wutar lantarki galibi ba a amfani da su na dogon lokaci. Wadannan kayan aikin sune: microwave, injin wanki, bushewa, yumbu hob, na'urar wanki, toaster, tanda, dumama, murhu, radiators, masu aikin hita da abubuwan da suka samo asali.
Kayan wutar lantarki da suke cin mafi ƙarancin lantarki dangane da lokacin da suke aiki sune kwakwalwa, firiji, talabijin, kwararan fitila (musamman idan su kwararan fitila ne), caja ta hannu, da sauransu. Lissafin wutar lantarki da ake buƙata na iya taimakawa rage farashin kowane wata da kuma guje wa katsewar wutar lantarki saboda kwangilar da aka ƙulla. A Spain, matsakaita ikon wutar lantarki wanda yawancin jama'a suka ƙulla tsakanin 3.45 da 4.6kW.
Yadda ake lissafin wutar lantarki
Don lissafin wutar lantarki wanda dole ne muyi kwangila, ya zama dole a san yawan amfani da kowane kayan aiki yake samarwa da kuma yawan wadanda zamu haɗu a lokaci guda akai-akai. Dole ne kuma mu san adadin mutanen da ke zaune a gidan, girman kadarorin kuma mu sani idan muna da tsari iri ɗaya ko uku-uku. Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna da mahimmanci don sanin yadda ake yin lissafin ƙarfin lantarki.
Dole ne mu sani cewa ikon da muke kwangila koyaushe dole ne ya kasance ƙasa da matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka nuna a cikin sanarwar sanarwa ta lantarki. Idan abokin ciniki yana buƙatar yin kwangila da iko mafi girma daga wanda aka nuna a cikin sanarwar sanarwa ta lantarki, suna buƙatar neman sabon sanarwa da yin gyare-gyaren da suka dace don daidaita shigarwar wutar lantarki da shi. Takardar sanarwa ta lantarki ita ce takaddar hukuma wacce ke tabbatar da mu game da yanayi mai kyau da ƙarfin shigarwar lantarki don samar da wadata. Yana da abin yana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa shigarwar gida ta cika dukkan bukatun aminci don karɓar wutar lantarki daga kamfanin amfani.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don lissafin kwangilar wutar lantarki ta kwangila:
- Yi hayar ma'aikacin lantarki don kimanta kayan aiki a cikin gida kuma kimanta ƙarfin da ake buƙata.
- Yi amfani da na'urar kalkuleta da ake samu daga kamfanonin wutar lantarki da yawa.
- Auna kilowatts da hannu, kodayake yana da ɗan tsayi da wahala. Koyaya, shine mafi mahimmancin tsari tunda shine mafi daidai.
Don ƙididdige ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gida yana da mahimmanci la'akari da yanayin lokaci ɗaya. Wannan yanayin yana nuna yiwuwar da mita tare da wacce kayan aikin lantarki da yawa zasu iya aiki da haɗawa lokaci guda. Matsakaicin ƙimar mahimman bayanan ma'amala shine 1. Wannan yana nufin cewa duk kayan haɗin gidan suna haɗuwa a lokaci guda. Mafi kyawun shawarar da aka ba da ita ga waɗannan shari'ar ita ce:
Talabijan (0,5 kW) + Vitroceramic (1,5 kW) + injin wanki (1,5 kW) + Oven (2 kW) + injin wanki (2 kW) + firiji (0,5 kW) + Microwave (1 kW) + Dumama (2 kW) = 11 kW. Dole ne a yi amfani da yanayin haɗin lokaci zuwa wannan tsarin, kasancewar 1 idan dukansu suna haɗuwa a lokaci guda akai-akai, 0.5 idan suna haɗuwa lokaci-lokaci da 0.25 idan da wuya suke haɗuwa. A sakamakon rubanyawa, an ƙara 1kW don lissafin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da yadda ake lissafin wutar lantarki wanda dole ne kuyi ijara.