A yadda aka saba, gurbatar ruwa na faruwa ne ta hanyar fitarwa kai tsaye ko ta kai tsaye zuwa albarkatun ruwa (koguna, tekuna, tafkuna, da sauransu) daga abubuwa daban-daban Abubuwa masu gurɓata
Yanayi yana da ikon tsabtace kansa idan ya karɓi ƙananan gurɓatattun abubuwa, kuma ta wannan hanyar, sake dawo da daidaituwa. Matsalar tana farawa lokacin da gurɓatattun abubuwa suka wuce ƙarfin shan tsarin.
Manyan siffofin gurɓatar ruwa:
Ofayansu yana da alaƙa da nasa sake zagayowar halitta, lokacinda hakan zai iya haduwa da wasu masu gurbata muhalli (kamar narkarda ko dakatar da ma'adinai da kayan aikin gona) wadanda suke cikin dunkulen duniya, yanayi da kuma cikin ruwa.
Amma wani nau'in gurbataccen ruwa - wanda yake zama mafi mahimmanci da cutarwa- shine wanda yake da alaƙa ta musamman da aikin mutane. Anan muna da hanyoyi da yawa. Daga cikin sanannun da zamu iya ambata:
- Fitar da saura mai guba daga masana'antun masana'antu da birane, wanda aka jefa cikin koguna, tekuna da tabkuna.
- Gurbatarwar da aka samar ta yawan amfani da magungunan kwari da takin zamani a harkar noma mai zurfin gaske, wanda ke shiga cikin magudanan ruwa.
- Sharar da aka zubar a gabar teku, abin takaici wannan shara tana daukar shekaru dari ko dubbai kafin ta lalace.
- Amfani da gurbataccen mai a cikin kwale-kwale, wanda ya ƙare a cikin teku sakamakon tsabtace kwale-kwalen, ko kuma sakamakon haɗari, kamar Prestige.
Gurbatar Tekun
Kodayake bazai yi kama da shi ba, yana da matukar muhimmanci mu san haɗarin gurɓatar ruwan teku kuma saboda haka ana kiyaye rayuwar halittun ruwa da yawa, ban da ya bamu damar samun oxygen, wannan oxygen din da kake shaka.
El zubar da shara da gangan, malalar mai, da nau'ikan nau'ikan mayuka masu tsauri da aka zuba a cikin dalilin teku gurbatawa ba wai kawai ya shafi tsire-tsire da nau'in halittun ruwa da ke rayuwa a cikinsu ba har ma da duka yawan duniya
Zubar da mai
A halin yanzu brent shi ne mafi girma barazana game da gurɓatar teku, tunda samarwa da safarar mai yayi girma sosai domin biyan bukatun tattalin arzikin yanzu.
Saboda malalar mai a tekun, mutu yawancin dabbobin da ke zaune a cikinsu
Bari kuma muyi tunani game da duk abin da yake samarwa mai, wanda galibi ake amfani da shi don yin robobi da sauran kayayyaki da yawa, Abin takaici duk wannan kamar yana ƙare ne a ƙasan tekun.
Mummunan Tasirin Man Fetur
Ance sama da kashi 80% na gurbatar da ke faruwa a cikin tekun shine laifin mu, kuma asaline saboda rashin dacewar amfani da muke yi da mai.
Bugu da kari, saboda kokarin da aka yi wajen tsaftacewa don kawar da ragowar mai da ke kasan tekun, an nuna cewa lalacewar ruwa da rayuwar ruwa ya ci gaba aƙalla shekaru 10. La'akari da cewa akwai malalar mai da yawa a kowace shekara, yawan irin wannan tasirin yana da lahani.
Rigakafi da sarrafa gurɓataccen ruwan sha tare da Mai
Lokacin da aka gano wani yanki na gurɓataccen ruwa saboda mai, ana yin jerin karatun yankin don yanke shawarar yarjejeniya da za a bi, don samun damar tsabtace shi gaba daya. Idan tabon yayi karami, zaka iya zabar jira har ya narke ta hanyar dabi'a, dukda cewa abinda yafi al'ada shine a hana shi gudu.
Saboda wannan, yawanci ana yin irin wannan rigakafin ruwan daga jiragen ruwa waɗanda manufofin aikinsu kamar haka:
- Developmentaddamar da ƙa'idodin fasaha don aikace-aikacen ga jiragen ruwa
- Binciken fasaha na masu tanki
- Kula da zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa
- Horo
- Amsawa tana nufin hana haɗari (hasumiya mai kulawa, jiragen ruwa, da sauransu)
Gurbatar albarkatun ruwa
Ba teku kadai ke karbar gurbacewa ba, hasali ma muna da matsala babba saboda gurbacewar koguna da tabkuna.
Abin takaici, akwai wakilai da yawa da zasu iya gurɓata koguna da tafkuna. Mafi mahimmanci shine:
- najasa da sauran ragowar da ke bukatar iskar oxygen (wanda yawanci kwayoyin halitta ne, wanda bazuwar sa ke samar da iskar da ke cikin ruwa).
- Ma'aikata masu cutar hakan yana haifar da cututtukan ciki da ma mummunan cututtuka ga waɗanda suka sha ruwan (kwalara, ...).
- Shuka na gina jiki Ana nufin su don haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire na ruwa, wanda ƙarshe ya ruɓe, ƙarancin iska mai narkewa kuma haifar da ƙarancin ƙanshi.
- Kayan sunadarai, kamar magungunan kashe qwari, kayayyakin masana'antu daban-daban, sunadarai dauke a cikin mayukan wanki, sabulai da samfuran bazuwar wasu mahaukatan kwayoyin.
- Ma'adanai marasa Inganci da Ma'adanai.