Kamar yadda wataƙila kun riga kuka sani ne, tun lokacin da burbushin halittu suka ɗauki yunƙurin samar da makamashi a wannan duniyar tamu, hayaki mai gurɓataccen yanayi ya karu kawai. Sakamakon wannan, wani lamari na duniya ya taso wanda ke barazanar lalata duniyar mu kuma ya zama farkon barazanar duniya ga yan adam. Labari ne game da canjin yanayi. Wannan canjin a yanayin duniya bai shafi dukkan ƙasashe daidai ba. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan sakon zamu jaddada yadda canjin yanayi ya shafi Spain.
Shin kana son sanin menene sakamako, dalilai da kuma sakamakon canjin yanayi a Spain? Ci gaba da karatu saboda wannan post din yana dauke da bayanai masu kayatarwa 🙂
Asalin canjin yanayi a Spain
Iskar gas tana da ikon riƙe zafi a tsakiyar layin yanayi. Wannan zafin da aka adana kuma, saboda haka, baya fita zuwa sararin samaniya yana yin matsakaicin yanayin zafi na dukkan duniya a digiri 0,6. Sakamakon wannan, an fara aiwatar da wani abu mai matukar tsoro daga masana kimiyya da kuma bil'adama wanda hakan yayi tasiri ga al'umma har ya haifar da wani shahararren fim kamar Ranar Gobe. Labari ne game da narkewar kankara ta kankara.
Gaskiya ne cewa ɓacewar kankara a sandar arewa ba zai haifar da hauhawar yanayin teku ba, tunda kankarar tana yawo akan ruwa kuma tuni yana da ƙarfi. A sauƙaƙe, za a maye gurbin wannan ƙarar da ruwa mai ruwa. Koyaya, ruwan da ke ƙunshe a cikin iyakokin duwatsu na Antarctica da kankara masu duwatsu da ke watse a duniya suna da, har yanzu, matakin teku ya tashi daga santimita 10 zuwa 12.
A Spain, canjin yanayi yana barazanar haɗarin haɗarin gobara, rashin ruwan sha, ambaliyar ruwa da fari, asarar amfanin gona, da dai sauransu. Duk wannan yana matsowa zuwa ga fitowar ta sau da yawa. A yau mun riga mun fahimci karuwar yanayin zafi da fari.
Matakan ruwan sama sun fadi da 15% a cikin shekarar ilimin halittun ruwa 2016-2017 kuma, bugu da itari, ya kasance shekara ta shida mafi ɗumi tun lokacin da aka rubuta yanayin zafi.
Halin illa na canjin yanayi
Yiwuwar cewa matakin teku ya kai tsawan tsayin mita 3 yana da gaske gaske. Dole ne kawai kuyi tunani game da koma bayan da glaciers ke wahala kowace shekara. Ruwan sama kamar da dusar ƙanƙara yana ta ƙara ƙasa da can sama kuma yanayin zafi yana sama da haka. Idan yanayin tashin teku yaci gaba haka, zuwa shekara ta 2100, za'a iya rasa manyan yankuna na duk duniya. A Spain, babban ɓangare na Barcelona, Santander, Malaga da A Coruña zasu kasance masu ambaliyar ruwa. Doñana National Park ba za ta wanzu ba kamar haka kuma Ebro Delta zai ɓace.
Duk wannan yana da tasirin gaske ga al'ummar Sifen. A ina ne mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan da ambaliyar ruwan za ta zauna? Ina batun tattalin arzikin bakin teku, da rairayin bakin teku, da yawon shakatawa, da duk gidajensu? Da gaske zai zama bala'i.
Ba wai kawai hauhawar matakin teku ta shafi Spain ba ne kuma ke damun masana kimiyya. Dangane da bayanai daga Ma'aikatar Muhalli, a Spain mun sami kashi 74% na ƙasar a cikin tsarin kwararowar hamada. Ana kuma sa ran cewa kashi 20% na ƙasar da ke da lafiya a yau, na cikin haɗarin kwararowar hamada cikin kashi 50%. Wannan babbar matsala ce ga amfanin gona idan aka ba da raguwar yanki da ake nomawa da ƙaruwar mutanen duniya.
Extremadura, Castila La Mancha, Andalusia kuma kusan duk yankin Levante suna da ƙasa mai yawa wacce zata iya lalacewa. Kamar yadda ake tsammani, wannan tasirin zai haifar da mummunan sakamako ga ayyukan noma kuma duk abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa zasu sami mummunan tasiri.
Raunin lahani
Ta hanyar rasa adadin hekta tare da ƙasa mai ni'ima kamar yadda yake faruwa, zamu sami tsari wanda ba za a iya sauya shi ba wanda ya ƙara rashin lafiyar nau'ikan halittu. Muna tunanin cewa yana shafar nau'ikan dabbobi ne kawai da tsire-tsire, amma kuma yana shafar mutane ne. Kuma hakan shine kwararowar hamada na wani yanki ba kawai yana da mummunan tasiri ba ga yawan nitsar ƙasa da ayyukan noma.
Gudun hijira zuwa ƙauyuka zuwa manyan biranen yana ƙaruwa. Miliyoyin mutane suna yin ƙaura zuwa birane bayan faɗuwar aikin gona na gargajiya a kan ƙasashe matalauta. Duk wannan yana haifar da albarkatun ƙasa na yankuna kewaye da biranen da yawan jama'a ya wuce gona da iri. Wadannan albarkatun suma suna da ruwa kuma suna haifar dasu karancin ruwa da hauhawar matakan gurbatawa.
Duk wannan yana nufin cewa tasirin canjin yanayi na ci gaba da ƙaruwa sosai kuma abin da kawai muke yi shi ne ciyar da shi da mayar da shi girma da haɗari.
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, tsananin zafin da ke haifar da sanya acid a cikin tekuna da canjin da igiyar ruwa ke fuskanta da shi, yana haifar da canje-canje a rabe-raben halittu. An fahimci wannan azaman tsarin tsaran tsaran tsuntsaye. Yana da wani cikakken so ga 60% na kamun kifin Sifen da kiwon kifin.
Canjin yanayi, tsarin ruwa da nau'ikan cutarwa
Canjin yanayi yana sanya yanayin halittu na cikin ruwa ba na dindindin ba, amma na yanayi. Bambance-bambancen halittun halittun ruwa kamar ruwa, tafkuna da kogunan tsaunuka ba kamar da bane. Gabaɗaya, koyaushe suna aiki koyaushe tare da kowane bambancin halittu a cikinsu. Koyaya, yanzu suna fara canzawa lokaci-lokaci, gwargwadon wane yanayi na shekara suke.
Temperaturesara yanayin zafi da CO2 a cikin yanayi suna haifar da canje-canje iri-iri a cikin iskar yanayin halittun ruwa. Mun tuna cewa iskoki suna da tasiri sosai a kan wuraren kamun kifi kuma suna haifar da ƙaruwa a ƙishin ruwa.
Aƙarshe, canjin yanayi yana fifita faɗaɗa nau'ikan nau'ikan cutarwa waɗanda ke taɓarɓarewa da lalata nau'ikan asalinsu.
Canjin yanayi babbar matsala ce a duk duniya kuma dole a dakatar da hakan.