A cewar INFORMA's DBK Sector Observatory, da shigar iko tara na Ƙarfafawa da karfin a karshen shekarar 2016 na isa ga 32.846 megawatts (+ 0,2%), Kula da yanayin ci gaban ƙasa na shekarun baya.
da shigar iska dokoki da babban tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa, samar da 70,1% na shigar da wuta tara har zuwa Disamba 2016. A ƙasa akwai kayan aikin Photovoltaic Hasken rana, wanda ya tattara da 14,2%, yayin da thermoelectric suka zaci da 7%. Sauran 8,7% an rarraba shi tsakanin shigarwar hydraulic a ƙarƙashin tsarin mulki na musamman da shuke-shuke don samar da makamashi daga biomass.
Ƙarfin da aka sabunta
A 2016 sun yi aiki 1.359 gonakin iska, tare da cikakken iko na Megawatts 23.026. Idan muka kalli hasken rana, La shigar iko tara rajista a 0,3% girma a shekarar 2016, ya kai megawatts 4.674, ya bazu 61.386 benaye an haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa A nata bangaren, yawan wuraren aiki thermoelectric hasken rana ya kasance mai karko tun shekara ta 2013, tare da jimillar 51 tsakiya tare da cikakken shigar da karfin megawatt 2.300.
da manyan kamfanoni goma dangane da karfin da aka samu na kuzarin sabuntawa (la'akari da iska, hasken rana mai daukar hoto da kuma hasken rana) sun hada karfi wuri guda 57% na duka iko a cikin 2016. maida hankali ne musamman daukaka a cikin sashin thermoelectric hasken rana (73%) y iska (70%), yayin da, akasin haka, na makamashin hasken rana na photovoltaic shine more atomized (13%).
Kasuwanci 3 da aka gudanar a cikin shekarar da ta gabata za su ba da gudummawa ga gyaggyara tsarin gasa na bangaren a cikin matsakaiciyar lokaci, kasancewar an samu kyakkyawan bangare na kason da aka kasafta a ciki manyan batches. A farkon da na biyu shine Forestalia, kuma a ƙarshe shine ACS.
Wadannan gwanjo zasu kara digiri na samar da hankali. Wannan yanayin zai dace musamman a ɓangaren makamashi hotunan rana da iska
Dangane da ƙima, kuɗin da aka samu ta hanyar sayar da iska da hasken rana ya tsaya Yuro miliyan 7.069 a cikin 2016, adadi a 9,3% ƙasa ga abin da aka rubuta a cikin 2015. Kasuwancin hasken rana gudummawar jimillar lissafin kuɗi 4.212 miliyan kudin Tarayyar Turai (Miliyan 2.739 a cikin photovoltaic da 1.473 a cikin thermoelectric), gaban sashin iska, tare da miliyan 2.857.
Yanzu bari muyi maganar gwanjo yi sharhi a baya, da masu nasara.
Na uku gwanjo
ACS shine babban mai nasara na sake sabuntawar a wannan lokacin. Ta hanyar reshenta Cobra ta kwashe sama da rabin abin da Gwamnati ta yi gwanjon ta, musamman 1.550MW na photovoltaic hasken rana.
Ƙungiya Kamfanin Forestalia an bashi 316MW na makamashi na photovoltaic kuma a cikin yarjejeniyar da OMIE ta gudanar a wannan Laraba. Kari kan haka, Enel Green Power España, mallakar Endesa, ya sami nasarar saya 339MW.
Duk kamfanoni sunyi nasarar shigar da ƙira tare da tayi a mafi rangwame hakan ya ba da izinin gwanjo, wanda ya kasance 65% na ƙimar darajar saka hannun jari na hoto. Wannan ragin ya fi na wanda aka siyar a cikin watan Mayu, lokacin da yake a kashi 59%.
Kamfanin kungiyar wanda shugaban Madrid ya jagoranta ta Florentino Pérez, ƙware a cikin seM ayyuka na wutar lantarki, gas, sadarwa da layin dogo, don haka ya zama mai nasara gaban XElio, tare da 455 MW; - Endesa, ta hanyar Enel Green Power, tare da 339 MW; Foreungiyar Forestalia, tare da 316 MW (a cikin na baya ya ɗauki 1.200 na 3.000); Gas Natural Fenosa, 250 MW, kamar Solaria; Opde, 200 MW; Prodiel, 182 MW. Gestamp, wanda ya mallaki 20% na XElio (80% an siyar dashi zuwa asusun KKR), an bashi 24 MW. Alter ya samu 50 MW da Alten, 13 MW.
A fagen iska, wanda ya yi nasara ya kasance babban birnin Alfamar Energya, tare da 720MW, a gaban Greenalia (Renova wind), da 133 MW, da Ibervento, da 172 MW, galibi.
Gabaɗaya, sun wuce MW 5.000, adadin da ya fi wanda aka saita bisa ƙa'ida. Wannan saboda tsananin buƙata ne kuma an wuce su da yawa. A zahiri, gwanjo na farko shine na 2.000 MW, fadada zuwa 3.000. Kodayake, Gwamnati kiyaye bayanin sirri don a sami damar shigar da mafi yawan megawatts daga 3.000 idan kuka yi oda a mafi rangwame.
Shigowar kamfanin kungiyar wanda shugaban kungiyar Florentino Pérez ya jagoranta abun mamaki ne kama da na Forestalia, wanda shine mafi girman nasara a cikin gwanjo biyu da suka gabata don kasafta tsarin biyan kudin zuwa sabon makamashi masu sabuntawa, tare da jimillar iska mai karfin MW 1.500 da 108,5 MW na samar da lantarki ta hanyar biomass. Ta wannan hanyar, Forestalia ta ƙara megawatts 1924,5 da aka bayar tsakanin gwanjo uku da suka gabata, kuma yana ƙara inganta hangen nesan ta na nuni a cikin sabon yanayin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, a cikin ingantaccen, buɗaɗɗen kasuwa da gasa.
A gwanjo na Mayu, a baya Tsakar Gida Gas Natural Fenosa ya kasance, tare da kusan sama da 600 MW; Enel Green Power Spain, tare da kawai sama da 500 MW; da Siemens Gamesa, tare da 206 MW. Norvento ya ɗauki MW 128.
Ba mamaki, Iberdrola, babban kamfani na Sifen a cikin makamashin iska, yana da hagu daga thean wasa. Duk kamfanonin da ke fafatawa sun ba da mafi ƙarancin ragi da aka yarda, wanda aka saita a 63,43% na farashin da megawatt.
Sakamakon karshe na gwanjon za a gabatar da shi gobe daga Ma’aikatar Makamashi zuwa Hukumar Kula da Kasuwa da Gasa ta Kasa (CNMC) don tabbatarwa. Da wadannan gwanjo guda biyu, ESpain za ta kasance cikin fewan goman da za su sadu da abin da aka sa a gaba na 2020, wanda shine don samun sabuntawar samar da 20%.
Tsakar Gida
Foreungiyar Forestalia an haife shi a cikin Zaragoza a 2011, sakamakon wani dogon kasuwanci wanda ya gabata wajen inganta kuzarin sabuntawa, musamman a cikin albarkatun makamashi da makamashin iska tun daga 1997.
A halin yanzu tana da albarkatun makamashi a Spain, Faransa da Italiya; gina babban dutsen niƙa da kuma tsagewar kasar a Erla (Zaragoza); yana inganta tsire-tsire masu samar da wutar lantarki a Aragon, da Valenungiyar Valencian da Andalusia, da gonaki masu iska iri-iri, musamman a Aragon.
A ranar 14 ga Janairun 2016, Kamfanin Forestalia ya kasance mafi girma ga wanda ya lashe gwanjon na Ma’aikatar Masana’antu, Makamashi da yawon bude ido don kasafta takamaiman makircin albashi zuwa sababbin wurare don samar da wutar lantarki daga iska da fasahar biomass. A cikin makamashin iska, Kamfanin Forestalia ya sami kyautar MW 300, daga cikin 500 MW da aka yi gwanjon; kuma a cikin biomass, ta sami M108,5 200 na biomass, daga cikin XNUMX MW da aka yi gwanjon.
Samuwar Foreungiyar Forestalia a cikin kasuwar makamashi zai haifar da sakamako mai kyau: Forestalia ta himmatu ga buɗe, gasa, kasuwar gaskiya, babban inganci, ƙananan farashi kuma, a ƙarshe, ƙarin fa'idodi a farashi ga mabukaci