Energyirƙirar hasken rana ya samo asali ne ta hanyar tsalle-tsalle cikin shekaru da ci gaban fasaha. Dukansu a cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na hasken rana da ƙananan wuraren amfani da kai, suna aiki tare bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto. Increaseara yawan amfani da kai a cikin Sifen sananne ne sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Kuma wannan shine yawancin gidaje sun zaɓi girka kayan kwalliyar kwalliya saboda dalilai daban-daban. Ofayan su shine tanadi a cikin lissafin wutar lantarki da kuma kula da muhalli waɗanda lokuta ke buƙata.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk halaye da aiki na bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto.
Babban fasali
Panelsungiyoyin hasken rana suna iya samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar rana. Energyarfin sabuntawa ne kwata-kwata ba ƙazantar da muhalli ba. Amfanin wannan nau'in makamashi mai sabuntawa shine yana samuwa ne kai tsaye tare da ƙarfin da yake zuwa daga rana. Aikin bangarori masu amfani da hasken rana galibi ya ta'allaka ne akan tantanin hasken rana wanda ke da alhakin canza hasken rana kai tsaye zuwa wutar lantarki ta amfani da makamashin photoelectric.
Volarfin hoto shine dukiyar da wasu kayan zasu yi iya samar da wutar lantarki lokacin da aka basu hasken rana. Wannan na faruwa ne yayin da kuzari daga rana ya saki electrons don samar da kwararar kuzarin lantarki.
Solarungiyar hasken rana ta haɗu da jerin ƙwayoyin hoto. Su yadudduka ne na siliki wanda ya kunshi phosphorus da boron wanda zai iya samar da cajin lantarki lokacin da suka sami hasken rana. Suna da ikon yin haɗuwa a cikin rukuni don a iya daidaita ƙarfin lantarki zuwa tsarin DC wanda za'a iya amfani dashi.
Energyarfin da aka samar ta hanyar haɗawa zuwa inverter ta yanzu an canza shi zuwa wani yanayi na musanya wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don kayan aikin gida. Abu ne gama gari zai zama matattarar wutar lantarki za a iya gyara zuwa duka kai tsaye halin yanzu da kuma alternating halin yanzu tsarin. Duk wani halin yanzu shine yanayin kuzarin da ake ci yayin rana kuma ana iya samar dashi ta hanyar hasken rana.
Ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa ƙarfin lantarki da ƙwayoyin photovoltaic ke bayarwa koyaushe na yau da kullun ne, don haka adadin wadatar da ake bayarwa ya dogara da ƙarfin da rana take fitarwa. Wannan ya sa aikin da bangarorin hasken rana ke bayarwa don haka hotunan hoto ya dogara da tsananin haske. Wannan ya bambanta dangane da lokacin rana, lokacin shekara da kuma yanayin da muke.
Yadda za'a kirga ikon bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto
Wajibi ne ayi iya lissafin wutar lantarki ta bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto don iya lissafin karfin module din. Lokacin da yazo ko kirga aikin bangarorin, ma'aunin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin matakan shine watts peak (Wp). Ana amfani da wannan ma'aunin azaman abin tunani wanda ke aiki don auna aikin bangarorin hasken rana da kuma kafa wasu kwatancen tsakanin su. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu iya sanin halayen kowane ɗayansu kuma mu ga wacce ake buƙata a kowane lokaci. Mafi yawan waɗannan halayen suna wakiltar aikin da aka samar ta hanyar hasken rana photovoltaic bangarorin hasken rana da aka bayar daidaitaccen adadin radiation da zazzabi daga rana.
Duk wannan ko ya zama dole yayin gwada girkin hoto, ko a cikin gida ko na jama'a. Yana da mahimmanci ayi nazarin watt watt peak da za'a iya sanyawa domin samun damar iya amfanin kansa kai tsaye. Dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa a cikin gidaje yawan cin wutar lantarki ya bambanta a lokacin shekara da lokutan yini. Za a sami lokaci na rana inda akwai kayan lantarki da yawa da aka haɗa a lokaci guda kuma ana buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki mafi girma don biyan buƙata. A gefe guda, dole ne mu ma la'akari da lokacin shekara. A lokacin bazara, ana buƙatar amfani da babban ɓangaren makamashi don sanyaya gida.
Lokacin da ake kirga girman da aikin shigarwar bangarorin hasken rana, dole ne a yi la’akari da dukkan abubuwan, la’akari da duk yankinku da fuskantarwa da kusurwar rufin da za a ɗora a kanta. Wannan shine yadda zai yiwu a bincika amfani mai kyau da tsammanin tsammanin ƙimar girkin wanda yafi dacewa da bukatun kowane gida.
Nau'in bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto
Bari mu ga menene manyan nau'ikan bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto wanda suke a yau:
- Bangarorin Hasken Rana Amorphous: ba su da ƙasa da ƙasa da amfani kuma ana amfani da su ta hanyar rashin ƙayyadaddun tsari. Yawanci yakan rasa ingantaccen makamashi sosai a cikin farkon watanni na aiki.
- Polycrystalline hasken rana bangarori: An haɗa su ne da lu'ulu'u waɗanda aka daidaita su daban kuma ana bambanta su da samun launin shuɗi. Tsarin masana'antu yana da fa'idar zama mai rahusa, amma a lokacin amfani da shi samfuran da basu da inganci.
- Monocrystalline hasken rana bangarori: Ana ɗaukar su samfuran da suka fi inganci tunda suna da ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke ƙirƙirar kwamitin kuma sun haɗu da lu'ulu'u ɗaya mai tsayi, wanda yake da ƙarfi a yanayi ɗaya. Waɗannan bangarorin hasken rana suna samar da ƙwarewa da aiki sosai tunda suna ba da damar wutan lantarki suyi motsi cikin walwala. Kodayake tsarin masana'antar ya fi tsada, ana samar da ingantaccen samfurin mafi inganci sosai. Yana bayan duk abin da kuke nema.
Wadanne bangarorin hasken rana suka fi kyau
Mafi yawan shawarar sune monocrystalline. Amorphous ya fara lalacewa yayin da suke son ƙimar aiki da sauri. Iyakar fa'idar da suke bayarwa bangarorin polycrystalline ƙananan farashi ne. Tsarin masana'antar sa bashi da tsada, amma bashi da inganci kamar na monocrystalline.
Kodayake farashinsu ya fi tsada, faranti na monocrystalline suna da matsayi mafi inganci, aikin da ya fi girma, sun fi juriya da zafin jiki kuma sun fi ado kyau.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da bangarorin hasken rana masu daukar hoto da aikinsu.