Akwai dabbobi da yawa da ake ganin suna da ƙarancin wannan duniyar. Daya daga cikin rarest dabbobi shine ayarlotl. Amfani ne na amphibian wanda aka gano kusan shekaru 150 da suka gabata kuma yana da halaye waɗanda ba'a taɓa ganin su a cikin wani nau'in ba. Ya fito ne daga ruwan Mexico kuma yana da ɗan ban mamaki na zahiri. Abu mafi ban mamaki game da wannan dabba duk halaye ne waɗanda suke sanya shi ɗayan dabbobi masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa don nazari da koya game da su.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu nuna muku menene halaye, wuraren zama, ciyarwa da kuma haifar da axolotl.
Babban fasali
Wannan dabbar tana da sunan kimiyya na Ambystoma mexicanum kuma yana cikin mawuyacin hali na haɗari. Yana daya daga cikin dabbobin da zasu iya bacewa ba da jimawa ba. Zamu ga musabbabin barazanar tasu daga baya.
Babban halayyar wannan dabba kuma abin da ke sa shi rarer shine yana da ita ikon sake sabunta gabbai, gabobin jikinku da kyallen takarda wadanda aka yanke a baya. Wannan shine ɗayan halaye na musamman waɗanda aka san su da amphibians. Capacityarfinsa har ya shafi gabobi masu mahimmanci kamar kwakwalwa da zuciya. Masana kimiyya sunyi mamakin girman ikon sa na sabunta ƙasusuwa, jijiyoyi ko kyallen takarda a cikin makonni. Abin da ya fi ban mamaki shi ne cewa ba ya barin kowane sakamako bayan hatsarin da ake tambaya.
Daga cikin karatuttukan da suka dabaibaye wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan na daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan binciken kimiyya. Kuma shine cewa axolotl yana da mafi girman tsarin jigilar kwayar halitta da aka gano a duk tarihin. Idan muka kwantanta shi da kwayar halittar mutum, zamu ga cewa yawan kwayoyin halittar ta sun ninki akalla sau 100. Yana daya daga cikin mafi ban mamaki dabbobi waɗanda suke da girman kusan santimita 30 a mafi akasari, tare da matsakaicin tsayinsa na 15 santimita. Yawancin lokaci yana da nauyi tsakanin gram 60 zuwa 230, don haka yana da ƙarami.
Amfani ne na amphibian mai matukar wahala wanda za'a iya kwatanta shi da tadpole saboda wasu kamanni da yake dashi a zahiri. A sauƙaƙe muna haskaka eyesan ƙananan idanunta, jela da fata mai laushi ƙwarai. Hakanan yana da kafafu da na sirara. Hakoran ƙananan ƙananan kuma an tsara su cikin layi.
Launin axolotl shima abu ne na musamman. Kuma shine cewa wannan launin zai iya bambanta a wasu samfuran ya danganta da yanayin yanayin inda yake haɓaka. Zamu iya samun tabarau wanda ya fara daga launin toka, fari, zabiya, zinariya, launin ruwan kasa da baki, da sauransu. A mafi yawan samfuran, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ya mamaye.
Bayanin axolotl
Wannan dabbar tana da gill guda uku wadanda suke kama da gashin tsuntsu wanda yake tasowa daga gindinsa. Suna can baya. Wani fasalin halaye masu ban sha'awa shine cewa yana iya adana bayyanar ɗan kwaya har zuwa matakin manya. Wato, a tsawon rayuwar mutane yana ba da ra'ayi cewa har yanzu suna da ci gaba. Koyaya, shine bayyanar sa ta ƙarshe. Kodayake sun kasance cikakku kuma sun zama manya kuma sun balaga ta hanyar jima'i, har yanzu suna da kamuwa da sifar. Ba a ɗaukar su dabbobi masu haɗari, akasin haka. Axolotl yana da nutsuwa gabaɗaya. Yawan rayuwarsa yakan wuce zuwa shekaru 15 da haihuwa. Duk ya dogara da yanayin mahalli inda yake da ayyukan ɗan adam.
Mahalli da yanki na rarrabawa
Ana samun wannan dabba a cikin wuraren zama na ruwa. Sun bambanta da sauran masu salamanders saboda sun sami damar kasancewa cikin ruwa ci gaba. Kuna iya ba wannan naman dabbobin a matsayin cikakken dabba mai ruwa. Dabbobi ne da zasu iya rayuwa cikin ƙoshin lafiya, kodayake suna buƙatar isassun yanayin zafin jiki, ruwa, haske da sauran abubuwan da zasu dace da buƙatun a kowane lokaci.
Idan kulawa tayi daidai, zasu iya rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye kullun. Wannan yana nufin cewa ɗan adam yana kula da wannan nau'in jinsin kuma yana rage yawan mutanensa ta hanyar da ba za ta ɗore ba. Yankin rarraba axolotl an fadada shi a cikin ruwan kwarin Mexico, kodayake a halin yanzu Lake Xochimilco kawai yake. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon koma baya da yake samu a cikin jama'a saboda munanan ayyuka daban-daban.
Axolotl ciyarwa
Wannan dabbar tana ciyarwa da dare, tunda dole ne tayi bacci. Don neman abincin su suna amfani da ƙanshin ƙanshin su. Tunda suna da hakora wadanda suka yi kadan, wannan dabba ba ta iya taunawa. Saboda haka, ba za ta iya murkushe abincinta ba amma dole ta sha kanta. A cikin abincin su galibi suna gabatar da abinci daban-daban. A cikin mazauninsu na yau da kullun mun ga cewa abincinsa ya ƙunshi kananan kifi, kayan kwalliya irin su acociles, mollusks, tsutsotsi, karamin soya da kwaron tsutsa.
Lokacin da suke cikin bauta ana ciyar dasu da tsutsar ciki, ƙananan naman turkey, kaza ko kifi da wasu tsutsotsi. Tabbatacciyar hujjar ciyar da wadannan dabbobin ita ce, lokacin da suke kanana suna ciyarwa a kowace rana. Koyaya, yayin da suka girma kuma suka balaga sun zama dabbobi hakan Suna ciyarwa tsakanin sau 2 zuwa 4 a sati.
Sake bugun axolotl
Ana iya kiyaye wannan dabbar a cikin yanayin yarinta a duk tsawon rayuwarsa. Wannan yana nufin cewa koda yana da halaye na tsutsar ciki, zai iya kaiwa ga balagar jima'i. Wannan na faruwa bayan Watanni 12 zuwa 18 bayan haihuwa. Tun daga wannan lokacin neman aure yake farawa. Wannan tsarin zawarcin kan fara ne lokacin da teku ya dauki hankalin mace bayan tura wutsiyarta cikin cloaca na abokin aikinta. Daga baya duka rawa a cikin da'ira.
Mace tana yin ƙwai kusan 200 zuwa 300 a kowane kama. Sun zauna cikin ciyayi a kusa da mazauninsu kuma zasu iya bin duwatsu. Bayan kamar kwana 14 sai su kyankyashe.
Babban masu cin abincin axolotl sune wasu nau'ikan kifaye, daga cikinsu muna samun irin kifi da tilapia.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da axolotl da halayensa.