Savannah na Afirka ya shahara don kasancewa jarumi mai yawan shirye-shirye game da dabbobi. Dabbobin da aka fi sani da zama a cikin savanna na Afirka sune zakuna, giwaye, jakunan daji, rakumin daji, da sauransu. Koyaya, akwai da yawa african savanna dabbobi waɗanda ba a san su ba amma suna da mahimmin aiki a cikin wannan yanayin.
Don yin wannan, zamu sadaukar da wannan labarin gabaɗaya ga dabbobi na savanna na Afirka.
Savanna na Afirka a matsayin biome
Takaddar itace kayan halittar da zamu iya samu a yankuna masu zafi da kuma yanayin zafi. Mafi sanannun sune wadanda suke a yankuna kamar su su ne yankin tsakiyar Afirka, Asiya, Ostiraliya da Kudancin Amurka. Wadannan yankuna wurare ne na canzawa tsakanin dazuzzuka da hamada. Babban halayyar takardar shine cewa ciyayi masu ciyayi sun fi yawa. Akwai ƙananan bishiyar bishiya ko itaciya kuma shrubs suma suna da ɗan ɗaukar hoto. Bishiyoyin galibi basu da girma sosai kuma sun warwatse. Launin ciyawa ne wanda ke ci gaba da yaduwa ko'ina cikin ƙasar.
Sauyin yanayi tsakanin danshi da lokutan bushewa shine ɗayan manyan halayen wannan yanayin. Yana da fasalin nau'in bushewar yanayi. Karancin ruwa na iya haifar da matsaloli a rayuwar yawancin halittu. Koyaya, waɗannan nau'ikan sun sami wasu sauye-sauye a cikin juyin halitta don rayuwa cikin waɗannan yanayin. Dabaru irin su ajiyar ruwa, amfani da dare don farauta, wasu al'adu don kauce wa faruwar hasken rana da illarta, da dai sauransu.
Hakanan shuke-shuke suna da matukar juriya ga matakin bushewa kuma suna iya tsira da mummunan yanayi. Lokacin da lokacin damina ya zo shine lokacin da suka sami ƙarfi da mai don dawowa don jimre wa matakin bushe na gaba.
Nau'o'in dabbobi na savanna na Afirka
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, duk da kasancewa wuri ne mai canjin yanayi tsakanin bushewa da danshi, wuri ne da ke da bambancin halittu daban-daban dangane da yankin da muke. Zamu rarraba dabbobin savannah na Afirka gwargwadon abincin su.
Ciyawar dabbobi
Waɗannan dabbobin ana samun su a cikin savanna na Afirka kuma ana ciyar dasu ne kawai a kan layin ciyawa. Kasancewarsu masu shuke-shuke ba lallai bane su damu da farauta. Karɓar waɗannan dabbobi ya ba su damar ciyar da shuke-shuke iri-iri. Bugu da kari, a lokacin rani wadannan dabbobin sun saba da yin kaura zuwa wasu wuraren da aka fi wadata.
Gabaɗaya, yaran waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da saurin bunkasa har zuwa matakin da zasu iya tafiya yan 'yan awanni kaɗan bayan haihuwarsu. Kari kan haka, galibi suna tafiya ne a garken garken dabbobi don kare kansu daga masu cin karfinsu. Ta wannan hanyar, suna da mafi girman damar nasara ko kafin su tsere daga harin mai farauta.
Wasu misalai na dabbobi masu dausayi na savanna na Afirka sune:
- Zebras
- Dawakai
- Wildebeest
- Tsuntsaye
- Barewa
- Bazara
- Giraffes
- Rhinos
- Giwaye
- Buffalo
- Goro
Wadannan dabbobin suna ta sabawa da bunkasa dabaru da yawa don kaucewa farautar mahautan. Dabbobi masu saurin gudu, hangen nesa daga nesa, wari, da sauransu. Waɗannan suna daga cikin kyawawan halayen da waɗannan dabbobi zasu tsaya nesa da mai farauta.
Masu cutar da savannah na Afirka
Abu ne na al'ada cewa inda akwai adadi mai yawa na dabbobi masu cin ciyawa kuma za'a sami masu cin nama. Mafi mahimmanci mafarautan savanna na Afirka sune:
- Leones
- Cheetahs
- Damisa
- Hyenas
- Karnuka daji
- Bakar mamba
Mahaifiyar bakar fata na daya daga cikin wadanda ake tsoro saboda ita ce macijin da ya fi cutarwa a duk Afirka. Kamar yadda shuke-shuke ke samar da dabaru daban-daban don kaucewa farautar su, wadannan dabbobin suna da wasu dabarun magance dabarun rayuwa. Ofaya daga cikin misalan misalai shine babban saurin da cheetah zata iya cimma. Dabba ce mafi kyau a duniya a duniya, kodayake ba za ta iya kiyaye wannan saurin na dogon lokaci ba.
Ofayan mahimmancin sauyawa shine farauta da kiyayewa cikin ƙungiyoyi. Rayuwa a cikin al'umma da farauta tare da ƙungiya yana ba da tabbaci mafi kyawun nasara.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa
Kamar yadda na ambata a farkon labarin, sanannun dabbobin Afirka savannah suna cikin ƙungiyar dabbobi masu shayarwa. Wadannan su ne:
- Fureri kamar biri da dabo. Wadannan dabbobin suna rayuwa ne a saman bene kuma basu da yawa saboda wani yanki da ya rabu. Watau bishiyoyin suna nesa da juna.
- Ciyawar ciyawar da muka tattauna a baya. Misalai kamar su alfadarai, rakumin dawa, dabbar daji, karkanda, giwaye, bauna, ko hippos.
- Masu cin nama wadanda ke kula da farauta da kuma kula da yawan ciyawar dabbobi irin su zakuna, cheetahs, jackals, pumas, fox, browns da shahararriyar meerkats.
- Sauran dabbobin da suke gina abincinsu akan kwari kamar su alade da dabbar daji ko kerkecin ƙasar.
- Gwanin warthog na kifin mai daɗi.
Kowace dabba na kirkirar da nata hanyar da zata dace da yanayin muhalli.
Tsuntsayen savannah na Afirka
Game da tsuntsaye, muna da nau'ikan da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai masu zuwa:
- Jimina sananniya kamar tsuntsu mai gudu.
- Irin tsuntsayen masu cin kasuwa kamar ungulu da ungulu na Masar.
- Tsuntsaye masu linzami
- Starlings da masaku waɗanda ke gina gida gida a kan ciyawa. Ofaya daga cikin matsalolin ire-iren waɗannan gidajen sauron shi ne cewa masu saurin farautar su ne ke farautar su.
- Jumillar gama gari.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe da kwari
Kodayake a cikin savannah na Afirka akwai manyan jeri masu yawa na zafin jiki, akwai dabbobi masu rarrafe masu sanyi masu dacewa da yanayin. Daga cikin sanannun dabbobi masu rarrafe muna da:
- Sulcata kunkuru
- Kadafin Afirka wanda ke rayuwa a cikin tabkuna da korama ko fadamar dazuzzuka da kuma tsakiyar Afirka.
Game da kwari kuwa, mafi yawansu suna yin ƙaura a lokacin rani. Babban abincin shine daga ciyayi. Daga cikin sanannun kwari a cikin savanna na Afirka muna da tururuwa, ayaba da ciyawa. A cikin wannan rukunin kwarin kuma muna da sauro mafi hatsari a duniya saboda suna da ikon yada cututtuka masu tsanani irin su zazzaɓin zazzaɓi da zazzaɓin cizon sauro. Daga cikin waɗannan kwari, tsuntsaye masu tashi, wanda shine dalilin rashin lafiyar bacci, ya fita dabam.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin a can kuna iya koyo game da dabbobin Savannah na Afirka.