Duk ire-iren abincin da muke ci, iskar da muke shaka, ruwan da muke sha da kuma yanayin da ke ba wa mutane da sauran halittu damar rayuwa a duniya ba za su kasance ba tare da muhalli ba. Yanayi yana ba da sabis daban-daban wanda ake ba da izinin rayuwa a duniyar. Saboda haka, kowace shekara, da Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya Yuni 5. Kowace shekara, an san tsire-tsire na teku don samar da fiye da rabin oxygen a cikin yanayinmu, kuma itace yana iya tsabtace iska ta hanyar ɗaukar kilogram 22 na carbon dioxide da kuma sakin oxygen a sake. Duk waɗannan halayen ana samun su a cikin muhalli kuma saboda haka ne muke yin bikin ranar sadaukar dasu.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya da halayenta.
Ranar muhallin duniya da kokarin duniya
Babban hadafin Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya shine wayar da kan al'umar duniya game da al'amuran muhalli. Kuma ita ce cewa ɗan adam yana haifar da tasiri iri-iri ga mahalli wanda ke lalata duk albarkatun ƙasa da yanayin rayuwa kamar yadda muka sani. Makasudin wayar da kan al'umar duniya shine a sanar dasu menene matsaloli da hanyoyin magance su. Ayyukan siyasa suna ƙaruwa cewa, bayan duk, shine wanda ke aiwatar da sanya duk waɗannan tsare-tsaren.
Ba tare da la'akari da matakin siyasa na kasashen ba, yawan jama'a ne ke da sha'awar girmamawa da mutunta muhalli. Rashin rabe-raben halittu da canjin yanayi manyan matsaloli ne da mutane ke fuskanta a wannan karnin. Mun san cewa sakamakon tasirin muhalli, albarkatun ƙasa da yanayin rayuwa suna ƙara ƙasƙantar da kai. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ranar muhalli ta duniya ke buƙatar ƙoƙarin duniya.
Wata manufar Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya ita ce kwadaitar da mutane da al'ummomi don zama wakilai masu himma na ci gaba mai dorewa da sauya halaye game da al'amuran muhalli. Ana gayyatar mutane suyi tunani game da duk abin da aka cinye da yadda ake cinye shi. Amfani da wanzu a cikin zamantakewar yau yana haifar da yawan amfani da albarkatun kasa da gurbatar yanayi. Dole ne kamfanoni su haɓaka samfuran muhalli da wata hanyar tsarin samarwa.
An umarci gwamnatoci su kare yankunan daji da malamai don su ilmantar da muhalli da dabi'u na yau da kullun. Matasa ne dole ne su ɗaga muryoyinsu don makomar duniyar da ke buƙatar dukkanmu.
Maudu'in ranar duniya
Ranar da ake bikin Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya ta yi daidai da farkon taron Stockholm a shekarar 1972. A wannan taron babban taken shi ne muhalli. A saboda wannan dalili, ana yin wannan ranar don tunawa da mahimmancin da muhalli ya fara samu a siyasar duniya. Taken ranar yanayi ta duniya a shekara ta 2020 shine bambancin halittu. Rashin rabe-raben halittu shine babban abin da ke haifar da damuwar duniya. Kuma akwai masifu iri-iri wadanda suka faru kwanan nan wadanda suka lalata yawancin halittu. Waɗannan masifu masu haɗari sun haɗa da manyan gobarar daji da ta faru a Brazil, California, da Ostiraliya.
Dole ne kuma mu yi la'akari nau'ikan haɗari kamar mamaye ɓarna a yankin Afirka da kuma annobar duniya ta COVID-19. Idan aka fuskance ta da wannan amsar, tambayar ta taso game da menene bambancin halittu kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci. Anyi la'akari da bambancin halittu a matsayin ingancin rayayyun halittu da ke wanzu a duniya. A halin yanzu akwai nau'ikan miliyan 8 a duk duniya. Kowane jinsi yana rayuwa ne a cikin tsarin halittu na musamman kuma yana da muhimmiyar rawa a daidaitaccen yanayin yanayin halittu.
Abubuwan da aka sani da rabe-raben halittu shine tushen duk rayuwar duniya kuma idan babu shi lafiyar lafiyar dan-adam ma zata kasance cikin damuwa. Don kiyaye halittu masu ɗimbin yawa a cikin dogon lokaci, ana buƙatar iska mai tsabta, abinci mai gina jiki, ruwa mai tsafta, duk waɗannan ma sun dogara ne akan bambancin halittu. Ayyukan ɗan adam suna canza duniya tsawon shekaru da yawa, gwargwadon yadda fasahar ke akwai da kuma yawan buqatar da ta ke naxawa. Waɗannan tasirin suna haifar da asara mai yawa na bambancin halittu. Karuwar matsakaicin yanayin zafi da dumamar yanayi ke haifarwa yana haifar da kankara narkewa.
Tasiri kan sikelin duniya
Mun san cewa ayyukan ɗan adam suna haifar da tasiri iri-iri akan tsarin halittu na ƙasa kuma suna lalata daidaiton yanayin muhalli. Don tsarin halittu don kasancewa cikin ƙoshin lafiya yana buƙatar daidaito. Rashin daidaituwa yana faruwa kusan ta halitta tare da sarkar abinci. Daidaitawa tsakanin carbon da nitrogen shima yana daidaita musayar kuzari da kwayoyin halitta.
Narkar da kankarar kankara da kankara da kankara na iya haifar da hauhawar matakan teku kuma suna da mummunan sakamako a kan yawan gabar teku. Maɓuɓɓugan murjani an yanke su rabi kuma an yi asarar gandun daji da yawa a duniya. Wasu daga cikin wadannan gandun dajin sun yi asara saboda sare dazuzzuka da gobara dazuzzuka.
Sananne ne daga karatun kimiyya daban-daban cewa muna kan gab da hallaka mutane da yawa kuma har yanzu muna kan hanya. Idan kokarin da muke yi bai isa ba, asarar halittu masu yawa zai haifar da mummunan sakamako ga ɗan adam. Tsarin abinci da na lafiya na iya durkushewa kuma ba za mu kasance cikin shiri ba.
Masu masauki
Bari mu ga waɗanda suka kasance masu karɓar bakuncin yanayin duniya a cikin shekaru mafi kusa:
- Mai masaukin a cikin 2020 shine Colombia. An sanar da shi a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi COP25 a Madrid a cikin 2019.
- Mai masaukin 2019 shine China kuma babban taken shi ne yaki da gurbatacciyar iska.
- En 2018 ya Indiya kuma babban jigon ba gurbataccen filastik.
- A ƙarshe, a cikin a cikin 2017 mai masaukin shine Kanada tare da taken hada mutane da dabi'a.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya da mahimmancinta.