Abin farin ciki, muna da sabon rikodi kafa ta Mexico Za'a samar da wutar lantarki mafi arha a duniya, kamar na 2020, a cikin ƙasar Mexico ta Coahuila (arewacin ƙasar)
Ma'aikatar Makamashi (SENER) da Cibiyar Kula da Makamashi ta kasa (CENACE) sun sanar Sakamakon farko na gwanjon wutar lantarki na dogon lokaci 2017 wanda ya sanya farashin a cikin tarihin tarihi
’Yan kasuwa 46 sun gabatar da takardunsu, 16 daga cikinsu an zabi su kamar yadda ya dace. Wannan gwanjon zai baiwa kamfanonin samar da wuta damar samun kwangilar siyar da makamashi mai tsafta da wuta. A saka jari na dala miliyan 2,369 a cikin sabbin cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki 15.
A cikin waɗannan 16, ɗan Italiyanci ENEL Green Power wanne miƙa mafi ƙarancin farashi: 1.77 aninai a kowace kWh da aka samar da makamashi ta photovoltaic, ya karya rikodin da wani kamfanin Saudi Arabiya ya gabatar, wanda ya kai cent 1.79 a kowace kWh.
Idan hasashen ya cika, ana sa ran cewa a duk shekara ta 2019 ko ƙarshen 2018 ƙimar zai ragu sosai har sai ya kai Kashi 1 cikin XNUMX na kWh
Abin takaici, kasancewa karamin aiki dangane da bukatun wutar lantarki na Mexico gabaɗaya, kamfanonin ba sa tsammanin samun hakan saurin faruwa a cikin farashin da masu amfani ke biya. A gefe guda, yana buɗe mahimmin jijiya don farashin kuzarin da gidaje da kamfanoni ke ɗauka don faɗuwa cikin sauri ba da daɗewa ba.
A cewar Enel, za a samar da wutar ne a gonar iska ta Amistad, da ke kusa da Ciudad Acuña. Bugu da kari, kamfanin ya nuna cewa daya daga cikin dalilan da yasa farashin ya yi kasa shine hadin kai da bangarorin farko na wurin shakatawa: an riga an gina ababen more rayuwa da hada-hada.
Mexico da sauran ƙasashe
A cewar Bloomberg, México, Chile, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa da Saudiyya sau da yawa suna gasa a cikin gwanjo don ganin inda wutar lantarki ke samarwa mafi kyawun farashin. A kowane hali, kuzarin yana fitowa ne daga ƙarfin kuzari. A karkashin irin wannan gasa mai tsananin, abin jira a gani tsawon lokacin da kasar ta Arewacin Amurka za ta iya rike tarihin.
Ana Verena Lima, manazarta a Bloomberg Sabuwar Makamashin Makamashi. Yanayin gama gari na samar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa, walau iska ko hasken rana, "suna da kyau sosai." "Kuma kamfanoni, ban da haka, na iya zaɓar abin da kudin kafa kwangila, cikin pesos ko daloli ”. Wannan lamari na karshe yana da matukar mahimmanci, duk da cewa peso na Mexico shine mafi yawan kuɗin ruwa a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, ƙaruwar shakku game da sake tattauna yarjejeniyar Yarjejeniyar Kasuwancin Arewacin Amurka (FTA) wacce ta haɗa ƙasar Latin Amurka da Amurka. da Kanada tun shekara ta 1994 sun gabatar da babban tashin hankali akan kudin.
A zahiri, lambar yabo ga Enel babban ci gaba ne na farashi, sa'a, ci gaba da ragin farashin kyaututtukan makamashi da ake siyarwa a Mexico ya kasance tsayayye ne tun bayan amincewa da sake fasalin makamashi a cikin 2013.
Matsakaicin farashin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa - asali mai amfani da hasken rana da iska - a cikin sabbin gwanjo kusan $ 20 akan MWh. «Kwanan nan, da Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya [IEA] ya sanar tare da matukar farin ciki cewa farashin duniya na sabbin gwanjo masu sabuntawa ya kusan $ 30 akan MWh a duniya.
Amma shine cewa Mexico tana dala 10 a ƙasa, mafi ƙanƙanci a duniya.
Rage farashin
Me ya bayyana wannan ci gaba da rage farashin?
- karuwar kasancewar mahalarta a cikin gwanjo (wadata mafi girma), wanda ke haifar da “m gasar” a kasuwar ta Mexico.
- Ctsallake cewa kashi 35% na makamashin da kasar ta cinye a 2024 ya fito ne daga madogara mai tsafta.
- hanyar koyon fasaha, duka a ciki Photovoltaic Hasken rana kamar yadda yake cikin ƙarfin iska kuma, sama da duka, gaskiyar cewa Mexico ita ce ƙasa ta ƙarshe a cikin OECD wajen lalata kasuwar lantarki.
- Akwai sha'awar abinci: “A cikin waɗannan yanayi, kamfanoni da yawa a shirye suke su saka hannun jari a ƙasar. Tsarin gwanjon yana samun nasara cikin gajeren lokaci, abin tambaya shine shin hakan ma zai kasance a cikin dogon lokaci?