El cin kai Tarayyar Turai ta yarda da ita azaman ɗayan mahimman abubuwa, tare da ajiya, don sauyawa zuwa makamashi mai tsabta.
Bugu da kari, Turai ta amince da cin kai da kuma samar da kai a matsayin hakkin duk ‘yan kasa, amma yaya kasashen membobin kungiyar ke tafiyar da ci gaban su? akwai bambance-bambance? Taron Gidauniyar madadin "Matsayin amfani da kai a sauyin makamashi a Spain da kuma darussan da aka koya daga wasu ƙasashe", sanya baƙi a kan farin wannan gaskiyar a Portugal, Faransa da Jamus.
Juyin halittar cin kai shine ya bambanta sosai tsakanin ƙasashe, tunda dokokinsu sun banbanta sosai. A cewar masu gudanarwar daga Fronius Spain, “Babu bambanci sosai tsakanin kasuwar wutar lantarki da kasuwar makamashi tsakanin Portugal da Spain, da ruwan wanka, da kamfanonin kasuwanci, da kamfanonin wutar lantarki ... tsarin hadadden fannin daya ne amma makwabta suna da tsara cin kai ta wata hanyar da ba ta dace da mu ba ”.
Cin kai
Portugal
A cikin Janairu 2015, Portugal amince da Umurnin Minista wanda ya inganta DL 153/2014 akan cin kai. Regulationa'idar da ke sauƙaƙa haɓaka ci gaban ƙananan wurare. Har zuwa 1,5 kW, babu wani nau'in tsari da ya zama dole, har zuwa 200 kW, hanyar kan layi ta isa, sannan mai duba makamashi ya tabbatar da kafuwa kuma komai yana kan tsari. Daga 1MW kawai ana buƙatar takamaiman lasisin mai samarwa.
Har ila yau, a cikin Fotigal akwai daidaitaccen ma'auni. Ana biyan makamashi da aka allura a cikin layin a 90% na farashin kasuwar kowane wata; Gwamnati ta sanya a matsayin rufi wanda har sai amfani da kai ba ya wakiltar 1% na yawan ƙarfin da aka sanya (sama da 20 MW), ba zai yi aiki ba babu kudin ajiya, kodayake a kowane yanayi ba za a yi amfani da canje-canje na baya don wuraren da aka tsara kafin isa wannan iyaka. "Kuma a ƙarshe, babu iyakantaccen iyaka akan cin kai," ya kammala da cewa, "Portugal ta ga wata dama ta ƙwarewar aiki kuma a halin yanzu, godiya ga ƙirarta, tuni akwai sama da SMEs sama da 1.000 waɗanda ke da kwazo don yin hotunan hoto."
Francia
Maƙwabcinmu ya ɗan bambanta, ƙa'idodinta sababbi ne. Kodayake lDoka don canzawar makamashi na Francia del 2015 kafa raga don kara kuzari sabuntawa a cikin haɗin makamashi, kuma a ɗayan labaran nasa ya rigaya ya kafa sabon ragin sabon abu saboda haka Gidajen Faransa zasu iya rage SUS lissafin lantarki, ya jinkirta aiwatarwa.
A zahiri, Faransa tana so ta haɓaka amfani da kai, ban da inganta siyar da kuzarin da magidanta ke samarwa, wanda aka saya ta EDF. A cewar ofishin jakadancin Faransa: “Faransa ta yi imanin cewa akwai babbar dama a cikin ci gaban amfani da kai, don haka a Mayu na 2017 an amince da wani tsari wanda yake tsara shi, amma tuni muna da gidaje sama da 15.000 wadanda suke samar da kansu da kansu "," da sabuwar dokar an kirkiro wani sabon kudin siye, tare da kwangilar 20 shekaru ga waɗanda suka samar da kansu (tare da garantin siye) da kuma kudin siye na rarar shine 10 c € / kWh don shigarwa har zuwa 9 kW kuma waɗanda suka kai 100 kW 6 c € / kWh ne ”.
Sun kuma aiwatar da tallafi don saka hannun jari na bangarori na photovoltaic na shekaru biyar.
- Don shigarwa ƙasa da 3 kW Euro 1.200, euro 240 kowace shekara.
- para mayores, Yuro 2.000, Yuro 400 kowace shekara.
Bugu da kari, an saukaka hanyoyin, alal misali, an kebe kananan wurare da samun kwangilar tallace-tallace don rarar. Kafa wani Saukake hanya don waɗannan ƙananan shigarwa kuma suna ba masu aikin hanyar sadarwa damar sauƙaƙe amfani da kai. Wani abin ƙarfafa shine cewa ana kawar da wasu haraji akan wuraren amfani da kai.
Alemania
Kasar Jamus a cikin shekarun 90s ta fara inganta amfani da kai, saboda ita kasa ce da ke ba da muhimmanci ga batun mulkin mallaka. Ta wannan hanyar, akwai 'yan siyasa da yawa waɗanda suka shiga halin yanzu da ke cikin ƙasar don neman sabuntawa, kuma a zahiri a farkon 2000 an amince da Doka don inganta ta.
A cikin ƙasar Teutonic babu iyakancewar iyawar shuke-shuke masu amfani da hasken rana. A zahiri, tuni akwai ƙananan hukumomi 700 waɗanda suka dawo da hanyar sadarwar cikin gida, waɗanda suna sarrafa kansu, tun a Jamus babu REE Kamar yadda yake a ƙasar Sifen, wanda ke sarrafa dukkan tsarin wutar lantarki, amma ƙasar ta kasu kashi huɗu, bugu da kari masu rarrabawa da masu kasuwa ba lallai bane kamfanoni saboda ƙananan hukumomi suma suna aiki ne a matsayin masu amfani da wutar lantarki kuma suna sarrafa makamashin su yadda suke so.
Taimako don sabunta kuzari an samar dashi har zuwa 2012 ta hanyar tsarin daidaitawa tare da rarar kuɗi kaɗan, tsakanin 8,65 c € / kWh da 12,50 c € / kWh, gwargwadon girman naúrar, amma a waccan shekarar an sami daidaiton layin na makamashi na photovoltaic da kuma fitaccen makamashi ya fara don biya a ƙaramin farashi wanda farashin sayan sa ne a cikin hanyar sadarwa.
Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa wuraren amfani da kai tare da wutar da ke kasa da 10 kW kada ku biya haraji, kuma waɗanda ke da iko mafi girma suna biya 40%. Bugu da kari, hanyoyin haɗin hanyar sadarwa Suna da sauƙin gaske, tunda babu wata yarjejeniya da za a tsara tsakanin mabukaci da mai ba da hanyar sadarwar, wanda aka wajabta masa aiwatar da shi azaman fifikon fifiko kuma wanda ba zai iya cajin caji dangane da haɗin cibiyar sadarwar da mai cin gashin kansa ba.
Yanzu lokaci yayi da za a kwatanta da ka'idojin cin kai a Spain, kuna ganin bambance-bambance da yawa?
